Key clinical point: Pregnancies complicated by cardiomyopathy are more likely to result in adverse perinatal outcomes, including stillbirth, neonatal mortality, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational age neonates compared to healthy pregnancies or those with no other cardiac diseases.

Major finding: Pregnancies complicated by cardiomyopathy vs healthy pregnancies were more likely to result in stillbirth (odds ratio [OR] 20.82; P < .00001), neonatal mortality (OR 6.75; P < .00001), preterm birth (OR 5.95; P < .00001), and small-for-gestational age neonates (OR 6.74; P < .00001), with outcomes being similar when compared with pregnancies complicated by other forms of cardiac disease.

Study details: Findings are from a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 observational cohort, case-control, and case-cohort studies including 2,291,024 pregnancies either complicated by cardiomyopathy or other forms of cardiac diseases and those with no cardiac diseases.

Disclosures: CE Aiken was supported by the UK Medical Research Council New Investigator Grant and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, UK. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Eggleton EJ et al. Perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by maternal cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 (Sep 20). Doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.09.025

Key clinical point: Pregnancies complicated by cardiomyopathy are more likely to result in adverse perinatal outcomes, including stillbirth, neonatal mortality, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational age neonates compared to healthy pregnancies or those with no other cardiac diseases.

Major finding: Pregnancies complicated by cardiomyopathy vs healthy pregnancies were more likely to result in stillbirth (odds ratio [OR] 20.82; P < .00001), neonatal mortality (OR 6.75; P < .00001), preterm birth (OR 5.95; P < .00001), and small-for-gestational age neonates (OR 6.74; P < .00001), with outcomes being similar when compared with pregnancies complicated by other forms of cardiac disease.

Study details: Findings are from a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 observational cohort, case-control, and case-cohort studies including 2,291,024 pregnancies either complicated by cardiomyopathy or other forms of cardiac diseases and those with no cardiac diseases.

Disclosures: CE Aiken was supported by the UK Medical Research Council New Investigator Grant and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, UK. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Eggleton EJ et al. Perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by maternal cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 (Sep 20). Doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.09.025

Key clinical point: Pregnancies complicated by cardiomyopathy are more likely to result in adverse perinatal outcomes, including stillbirth, neonatal mortality, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational age neonates compared to healthy pregnancies or those with no other cardiac diseases.

Major finding: Pregnancies complicated by cardiomyopathy vs healthy pregnancies were more likely to result in stillbirth (odds ratio [OR] 20.82; P < .00001), neonatal mortality (OR 6.75; P < .00001), preterm birth (OR 5.95; P < .00001), and small-for-gestational age neonates (OR 6.74; P < .00001), with outcomes being similar when compared with pregnancies complicated by other forms of cardiac disease.

Study details: Findings are from a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 observational cohort, case-control, and case-cohort studies including 2,291,024 pregnancies either complicated by cardiomyopathy or other forms of cardiac diseases and those with no cardiac diseases.

Disclosures: CE Aiken was supported by the UK Medical Research Council New Investigator Grant and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, UK. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Eggleton EJ et al. Perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by maternal cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 (Sep 20). Doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.09.025

Key clinical point: Management of shoulder dystocia with fetal manipulation (FM) increased the risk for obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI), with FM being associated with an increased risk for OASI and severe neonatal morbidity.

Major finding: Shoulder dystocia managed with vs without FM resulted in significantly higher rates of OASI (21.1% vs 3.8%; odds ratio [OR] 6.72; 95% CI 2.7-15.8) but similar rates of severe neonatal morbidity. FM was associated with the occurrence of OASI (adjusted OR [aOR] 5.3; 95% CI 2.2-12.8) and was the only factor associated with severe neonatal morbidity (aOR 2.3; 95% CI 1.1-4.8).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective observational study including 602 vaginal vertex deliveries in singleton pregnancies, which encountered shoulder dystocia that was managed with (n = 52) or without (n = 550) FM.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Diack B et al. Impact of fetal manipulation on maternal and neonatal severe morbidity during shoulder dystocia management. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2022 (Sep 23). Doi: 10.1007/s00404-022-06783-y

Key clinical point: Management of shoulder dystocia with fetal manipulation (FM) increased the risk for obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI), with FM being associated with an increased risk for OASI and severe neonatal morbidity.

Major finding: Shoulder dystocia managed with vs without FM resulted in significantly higher rates of OASI (21.1% vs 3.8%; odds ratio [OR] 6.72; 95% CI 2.7-15.8) but similar rates of severe neonatal morbidity. FM was associated with the occurrence of OASI (adjusted OR [aOR] 5.3; 95% CI 2.2-12.8) and was the only factor associated with severe neonatal morbidity (aOR 2.3; 95% CI 1.1-4.8).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective observational study including 602 vaginal vertex deliveries in singleton pregnancies, which encountered shoulder dystocia that was managed with (n = 52) or without (n = 550) FM.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Diack B et al. Impact of fetal manipulation on maternal and neonatal severe morbidity during shoulder dystocia management. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2022 (Sep 23). Doi: 10.1007/s00404-022-06783-y

Key clinical point: Management of shoulder dystocia with fetal manipulation (FM) increased the risk for obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI), with FM being associated with an increased risk for OASI and severe neonatal morbidity.

Major finding: Shoulder dystocia managed with vs without FM resulted in significantly higher rates of OASI (21.1% vs 3.8%; odds ratio [OR] 6.72; 95% CI 2.7-15.8) but similar rates of severe neonatal morbidity. FM was associated with the occurrence of OASI (adjusted OR [aOR] 5.3; 95% CI 2.2-12.8) and was the only factor associated with severe neonatal morbidity (aOR 2.3; 95% CI 1.1-4.8).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective observational study including 602 vaginal vertex deliveries in singleton pregnancies, which encountered shoulder dystocia that was managed with (n = 52) or without (n = 550) FM.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Diack B et al. Impact of fetal manipulation on maternal and neonatal severe morbidity during shoulder dystocia management. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2022 (Sep 23). Doi: 10.1007/s00404-022-06783-y

Key clinical point: A dose of 30 mg oral extended-release nifedipine (ER-nifedipine) every 24 hours until delivery effectively reduced the receipt of treatment for acute severe hypertension in individuals with preeclampsia with severe features.

Major finding: A significantly lower proportion of individuals who received 30 mg ER-nifedipine vs placebo required ≥1 dose of acute hypertension therapy for severe blood pressure that sustained for ≥10 minutes (34.0% vs 55.1%; relative risk 0.62; 95% CI 0.39-0.97). ER-nifedipine vs placebo use led to numerically lower cesarean deliveries (20.8% vs 34.7%) and neonatal intensive care unit admissions (29.1% vs 47.1%).

Study details: Findings are from a phase 4 trial including 110 individuals with singleton or twin gestation undergoing labor induction for preeclampsia with severe features who were randomly assigned to receive 30 mg oral ER-nifedipine or placebo every 24 hours until delivery.

Disclosures: This study was funded by The Ohio State University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. No conflicts of interest were declared.

Source: Cleary EM et al. Trial of intrapartum extended-release nifedipine to prevent severe hypertension among pregnant individuals with preeclampsia with severe features. Hypertension. 2022 (Oct 3). Doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.19751

Key clinical point: A dose of 30 mg oral extended-release nifedipine (ER-nifedipine) every 24 hours until delivery effectively reduced the receipt of treatment for acute severe hypertension in individuals with preeclampsia with severe features.

Major finding: A significantly lower proportion of individuals who received 30 mg ER-nifedipine vs placebo required ≥1 dose of acute hypertension therapy for severe blood pressure that sustained for ≥10 minutes (34.0% vs 55.1%; relative risk 0.62; 95% CI 0.39-0.97). ER-nifedipine vs placebo use led to numerically lower cesarean deliveries (20.8% vs 34.7%) and neonatal intensive care unit admissions (29.1% vs 47.1%).

Study details: Findings are from a phase 4 trial including 110 individuals with singleton or twin gestation undergoing labor induction for preeclampsia with severe features who were randomly assigned to receive 30 mg oral ER-nifedipine or placebo every 24 hours until delivery.

Disclosures: This study was funded by The Ohio State University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. No conflicts of interest were declared.

Source: Cleary EM et al. Trial of intrapartum extended-release nifedipine to prevent severe hypertension among pregnant individuals with preeclampsia with severe features. Hypertension. 2022 (Oct 3). Doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.19751

Key clinical point: A dose of 30 mg oral extended-release nifedipine (ER-nifedipine) every 24 hours until delivery effectively reduced the receipt of treatment for acute severe hypertension in individuals with preeclampsia with severe features.

Major finding: A significantly lower proportion of individuals who received 30 mg ER-nifedipine vs placebo required ≥1 dose of acute hypertension therapy for severe blood pressure that sustained for ≥10 minutes (34.0% vs 55.1%; relative risk 0.62; 95% CI 0.39-0.97). ER-nifedipine vs placebo use led to numerically lower cesarean deliveries (20.8% vs 34.7%) and neonatal intensive care unit admissions (29.1% vs 47.1%).

Study details: Findings are from a phase 4 trial including 110 individuals with singleton or twin gestation undergoing labor induction for preeclampsia with severe features who were randomly assigned to receive 30 mg oral ER-nifedipine or placebo every 24 hours until delivery.

Disclosures: This study was funded by The Ohio State University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. No conflicts of interest were declared.

Source: Cleary EM et al. Trial of intrapartum extended-release nifedipine to prevent severe hypertension among pregnant individuals with preeclampsia with severe features. Hypertension. 2022 (Oct 3). Doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.19751

Key clinical point: Risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women with gestational diabetes who showed a slowly improving glycemic control trajectory, highlighting the need for interventions that help achieve glycemic targets early after the diagnosis of gestational diabetes.

Major finding: Compared with women showing rapid improvements to attain optimal glycemic control, the risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women showing slow improvements to attain suboptimal glycemic control (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.41; 95% CI 1.12-1.78) and was lower among women with stably optimal glycemic control from diagnosis to delivery (aRR 0.75; 95% CI 0.61-0.92).

Study details: Findings are from a population-based longitudinal cohort study including 26,774 women with gestational diabetes who received prenatal care.

Disclosures: This study was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and other sources. The authors did not declare any conflicts of interest.

Source: Chehab RF et al. Glycemic control trajectories and risk of perinatal complications among individuals with gestational diabetes. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(9):e2233955 (Sep 29). Doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33955

Key clinical point: Risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women with gestational diabetes who showed a slowly improving glycemic control trajectory, highlighting the need for interventions that help achieve glycemic targets early after the diagnosis of gestational diabetes.

Major finding: Compared with women showing rapid improvements to attain optimal glycemic control, the risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women showing slow improvements to attain suboptimal glycemic control (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.41; 95% CI 1.12-1.78) and was lower among women with stably optimal glycemic control from diagnosis to delivery (aRR 0.75; 95% CI 0.61-0.92).

Study details: Findings are from a population-based longitudinal cohort study including 26,774 women with gestational diabetes who received prenatal care.

Disclosures: This study was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and other sources. The authors did not declare any conflicts of interest.

Source: Chehab RF et al. Glycemic control trajectories and risk of perinatal complications among individuals with gestational diabetes. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(9):e2233955 (Sep 29). Doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33955

Key clinical point: Risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women with gestational diabetes who showed a slowly improving glycemic control trajectory, highlighting the need for interventions that help achieve glycemic targets early after the diagnosis of gestational diabetes.

Major finding: Compared with women showing rapid improvements to attain optimal glycemic control, the risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women showing slow improvements to attain suboptimal glycemic control (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.41; 95% CI 1.12-1.78) and was lower among women with stably optimal glycemic control from diagnosis to delivery (aRR 0.75; 95% CI 0.61-0.92).

Study details: Findings are from a population-based longitudinal cohort study including 26,774 women with gestational diabetes who received prenatal care.

Disclosures: This study was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and other sources. The authors did not declare any conflicts of interest.

Source: Chehab RF et al. Glycemic control trajectories and risk of perinatal complications among individuals with gestational diabetes. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(9):e2233955 (Sep 29). Doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33955

Key clinical point: Risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women with gestational diabetes who showed a slowly improving glycemic control trajectory, highlighting the need for interventions that help achieve glycemic targets early after the diagnosis of gestational diabetes.

Major finding: Compared with women showing rapid improvements to attain optimal glycemic control, the risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women showing slow improvements to attain suboptimal glycemic control (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.41; 95% CI 1.12-1.78) and was lower among women with stably optimal glycemic control from diagnosis to delivery (aRR 0.75; 95% CI 0.61-0.92).

Study details: Findings are from a population-based longitudinal cohort study including 26,774 women with gestational diabetes who received prenatal care.

Disclosures: This study was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and other sources. The authors did not declare any conflicts of interest.

Source: Chehab RF et al. Glycemic control trajectories and risk of perinatal complications among individuals with gestational diabetes. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(9):e2233955 (Sep 29). Doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33955

Key clinical point: Risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women with gestational diabetes who showed a slowly improving glycemic control trajectory, highlighting the need for interventions that help achieve glycemic targets early after the diagnosis of gestational diabetes.

Major finding: Compared with women showing rapid improvements to attain optimal glycemic control, the risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women showing slow improvements to attain suboptimal glycemic control (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.41; 95% CI 1.12-1.78) and was lower among women with stably optimal glycemic control from diagnosis to delivery (aRR 0.75; 95% CI 0.61-0.92).

Study details: Findings are from a population-based longitudinal cohort study including 26,774 women with gestational diabetes who received prenatal care.

Disclosures: This study was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and other sources. The authors did not declare any conflicts of interest.

Source: Chehab RF et al. Glycemic control trajectories and risk of perinatal complications among individuals with gestational diabetes. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(9):e2233955 (Sep 29). Doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33955

Key clinical point: Risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women with gestational diabetes who showed a slowly improving glycemic control trajectory, highlighting the need for interventions that help achieve glycemic targets early after the diagnosis of gestational diabetes.

Major finding: Compared with women showing rapid improvements to attain optimal glycemic control, the risk for shoulder dystocia was higher among women showing slow improvements to attain suboptimal glycemic control (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.41; 95% CI 1.12-1.78) and was lower among women with stably optimal glycemic control from diagnosis to delivery (aRR 0.75; 95% CI 0.61-0.92).

Study details: Findings are from a population-based longitudinal cohort study including 26,774 women with gestational diabetes who received prenatal care.

Disclosures: This study was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and other sources. The authors did not declare any conflicts of interest.

Source: Chehab RF et al. Glycemic control trajectories and risk of perinatal complications among individuals with gestational diabetes. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(9):e2233955 (Sep 29). Doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33955

Key clinical point: Use of low-dose aspirin significantly reduced preterm birth rates but had no significant effect on the risk for preeclampsia in pregnant women with chronic hypertension.

Major finding: In women with chronic hypertension, the use of low-dose aspirin vs placebo during pregnancy was associated with a significant reduction in preterm birth rates (22.2% vs 31.1%; odds ratio, 0.63; 95% CI 0.45-0.89) but a nonsignificant reduction in the risk for superimposed or preterm preeclampsia.

Study details: Findings are from a systematic review and meta-analysis of nine studies (retrospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials) including 2150 women with chronic hypertension who received low-dose aspirin or placebo during pregnancy.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any specific funding. V Giorgione’s PhD was supported by a Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant unrelated to this study. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Richards EMF et al. Low-dose aspirin for the prevention of superimposed pre-eclampsia in women with chronic hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 (Oct 6). Doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.09.046

Key clinical point: Use of low-dose aspirin significantly reduced preterm birth rates but had no significant effect on the risk for preeclampsia in pregnant women with chronic hypertension.

Major finding: In women with chronic hypertension, the use of low-dose aspirin vs placebo during pregnancy was associated with a significant reduction in preterm birth rates (22.2% vs 31.1%; odds ratio, 0.63; 95% CI 0.45-0.89) but a nonsignificant reduction in the risk for superimposed or preterm preeclampsia.

Study details: Findings are from a systematic review and meta-analysis of nine studies (retrospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials) including 2150 women with chronic hypertension who received low-dose aspirin or placebo during pregnancy.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any specific funding. V Giorgione’s PhD was supported by a Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant unrelated to this study. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Richards EMF et al. Low-dose aspirin for the prevention of superimposed pre-eclampsia in women with chronic hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 (Oct 6). Doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.09.046

Key clinical point: Use of low-dose aspirin significantly reduced preterm birth rates but had no significant effect on the risk for preeclampsia in pregnant women with chronic hypertension.

Major finding: In women with chronic hypertension, the use of low-dose aspirin vs placebo during pregnancy was associated with a significant reduction in preterm birth rates (22.2% vs 31.1%; odds ratio, 0.63; 95% CI 0.45-0.89) but a nonsignificant reduction in the risk for superimposed or preterm preeclampsia.

Study details: Findings are from a systematic review and meta-analysis of nine studies (retrospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials) including 2150 women with chronic hypertension who received low-dose aspirin or placebo during pregnancy.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any specific funding. V Giorgione’s PhD was supported by a Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant unrelated to this study. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Richards EMF et al. Low-dose aspirin for the prevention of superimposed pre-eclampsia in women with chronic hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 (Oct 6). Doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.09.046

Key clinical point: Gut microbial composition differed among patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) who were positive vs negative for breath test (IBS-BT+ vs IBS-BT−), with patients who were IBS-BT+ responding better to rifaximin therapy.

Major finding: Beta-diversity differed significantly among patients with IBS-BT+, those with IBS-BT−, and non-IBS healthy controls (P = .005). The IBS Symptom Severity Scores (SSS), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale scores, and Bristol Stool Form Scale scores decreased significantly after rifaximin treatment in the IBS-BT+ group (all P < .05); however, only IBS-SSS scores decreased significantly in the IBS-BT− group (P = .001).

Study details: The data come from a clinical trial including 176 participants, of which 49 were BT− healthy controls and 127 were patients with IBS-D who were evaluated before and after rifaximin therapy.

Disclosures: This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Michigan Medicine-PKUHSC Joint Institute for Translational and Clinical Research. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Liu Z et al. Patients with breath test positive are necessary to be identified from irritable bowel syndrome: A clinical trial based on microbiomics and rifaximin sensitivity. Chin Med J (Engl). 2022;135(14):1716-1727 (Aug 25). Doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002294

Key clinical point: Gut microbial composition differed among patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) who were positive vs negative for breath test (IBS-BT+ vs IBS-BT−), with patients who were IBS-BT+ responding better to rifaximin therapy.

Major finding: Beta-diversity differed significantly among patients with IBS-BT+, those with IBS-BT−, and non-IBS healthy controls (P = .005). The IBS Symptom Severity Scores (SSS), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale scores, and Bristol Stool Form Scale scores decreased significantly after rifaximin treatment in the IBS-BT+ group (all P < .05); however, only IBS-SSS scores decreased significantly in the IBS-BT− group (P = .001).

Study details: The data come from a clinical trial including 176 participants, of which 49 were BT− healthy controls and 127 were patients with IBS-D who were evaluated before and after rifaximin therapy.

Disclosures: This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Michigan Medicine-PKUHSC Joint Institute for Translational and Clinical Research. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Liu Z et al. Patients with breath test positive are necessary to be identified from irritable bowel syndrome: A clinical trial based on microbiomics and rifaximin sensitivity. Chin Med J (Engl). 2022;135(14):1716-1727 (Aug 25). Doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002294

Key clinical point: Gut microbial composition differed among patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) who were positive vs negative for breath test (IBS-BT+ vs IBS-BT−), with patients who were IBS-BT+ responding better to rifaximin therapy.

Major finding: Beta-diversity differed significantly among patients with IBS-BT+, those with IBS-BT−, and non-IBS healthy controls (P = .005). The IBS Symptom Severity Scores (SSS), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale scores, and Bristol Stool Form Scale scores decreased significantly after rifaximin treatment in the IBS-BT+ group (all P < .05); however, only IBS-SSS scores decreased significantly in the IBS-BT− group (P = .001).

Study details: The data come from a clinical trial including 176 participants, of which 49 were BT− healthy controls and 127 were patients with IBS-D who were evaluated before and after rifaximin therapy.

Disclosures: This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Michigan Medicine-PKUHSC Joint Institute for Translational and Clinical Research. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Liu Z et al. Patients with breath test positive are necessary to be identified from irritable bowel syndrome: A clinical trial based on microbiomics and rifaximin sensitivity. Chin Med J (Engl). 2022;135(14):1716-1727 (Aug 25). Doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002294

Key clinical point: Sex and gender are critical for a better understanding of the differences in individual experiences of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and should be included in discussions of the disease’s etiology, presentations, and treatment strategies.

Major finding: Men with IBS had fewer psychiatric conditions (P = .027), fewer sleeping problems (P = .011), less chronic pain (P = .043), and fewer contacts with the healthcare system (P < .001) compared with women with IBS, with urgency to defecate being less frequent (P = .017) and stool frequency being higher (P = .034) in men with IBS.

Study details: The data come from a cross-sectional study including 293 patients (64 men) with IBS and 363 non-IBS controls (62 men).

Disclosures: This study was funded by FORSS-the Research Council of Southeast, Sweden. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Bureychak T et al. Symptoms and health experience in irritable bowel syndrome with focus on men. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2022;34(11):e14430 (Sep 8). Doi: 10.1111/nmo.14430

Key clinical point: Sex and gender are critical for a better understanding of the differences in individual experiences of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and should be included in discussions of the disease’s etiology, presentations, and treatment strategies.

Major finding: Men with IBS had fewer psychiatric conditions (P = .027), fewer sleeping problems (P = .011), less chronic pain (P = .043), and fewer contacts with the healthcare system (P < .001) compared with women with IBS, with urgency to defecate being less frequent (P = .017) and stool frequency being higher (P = .034) in men with IBS.

Study details: The data come from a cross-sectional study including 293 patients (64 men) with IBS and 363 non-IBS controls (62 men).

Disclosures: This study was funded by FORSS-the Research Council of Southeast, Sweden. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Bureychak T et al. Symptoms and health experience in irritable bowel syndrome with focus on men. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2022;34(11):e14430 (Sep 8). Doi: 10.1111/nmo.14430

Key clinical point: Sex and gender are critical for a better understanding of the differences in individual experiences of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and should be included in discussions of the disease’s etiology, presentations, and treatment strategies.

Major finding: Men with IBS had fewer psychiatric conditions (P = .027), fewer sleeping problems (P = .011), less chronic pain (P = .043), and fewer contacts with the healthcare system (P < .001) compared with women with IBS, with urgency to defecate being less frequent (P = .017) and stool frequency being higher (P = .034) in men with IBS.

Study details: The data come from a cross-sectional study including 293 patients (64 men) with IBS and 363 non-IBS controls (62 men).

Disclosures: This study was funded by FORSS-the Research Council of Southeast, Sweden. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Bureychak T et al. Symptoms and health experience in irritable bowel syndrome with focus on men. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2022;34(11):e14430 (Sep 8). Doi: 10.1111/nmo.14430

Key clinical point: Breath gas patterns are linked to distinct gut microtypes in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) and constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C).

Major finding: Patients with IBS-D vs IBS-C had a higher area under the curve (AUC) for hydrogen (P = .02) and hydrogen sulfide (P = .002), whereas those with IBS-C vs IBS-D had a higher AUC for methane (P = .002). Higher breath methane in IBS-C correlated with higher breath microbial diversity, whereas higher breath hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide in IBS-D correlated with lower microbial diversity and higher relative abundance of hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria, respectively.

Study details: The data come from two randomized controlled trials including patients with IBS-C (n = 124) and IBS-D (n = 47).

Disclosures: This study was partly funded by the Monica Lester Charitable Trust; Elias, Genevieve, and Georgianna Atol Charitable Trust; and others. Some authors declared receiving research grants or serving as consultants or speakers for various sources.

Source: Villanueva-Millan MJ et al. Methanogens and hydrogen sulfide producing bacteria guide distinct gut microbe profiles and irritable bowel syndrome subtypes. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 (Sep 6). Doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001997

Key clinical point: Breath gas patterns are linked to distinct gut microtypes in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) and constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C).

Major finding: Patients with IBS-D vs IBS-C had a higher area under the curve (AUC) for hydrogen (P = .02) and hydrogen sulfide (P = .002), whereas those with IBS-C vs IBS-D had a higher AUC for methane (P = .002). Higher breath methane in IBS-C correlated with higher breath microbial diversity, whereas higher breath hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide in IBS-D correlated with lower microbial diversity and higher relative abundance of hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria, respectively.

Study details: The data come from two randomized controlled trials including patients with IBS-C (n = 124) and IBS-D (n = 47).

Disclosures: This study was partly funded by the Monica Lester Charitable Trust; Elias, Genevieve, and Georgianna Atol Charitable Trust; and others. Some authors declared receiving research grants or serving as consultants or speakers for various sources.

Source: Villanueva-Millan MJ et al. Methanogens and hydrogen sulfide producing bacteria guide distinct gut microbe profiles and irritable bowel syndrome subtypes. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 (Sep 6). Doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001997

Key clinical point: Breath gas patterns are linked to distinct gut microtypes in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) and constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C).

Major finding: Patients with IBS-D vs IBS-C had a higher area under the curve (AUC) for hydrogen (P = .02) and hydrogen sulfide (P = .002), whereas those with IBS-C vs IBS-D had a higher AUC for methane (P = .002). Higher breath methane in IBS-C correlated with higher breath microbial diversity, whereas higher breath hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide in IBS-D correlated with lower microbial diversity and higher relative abundance of hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria, respectively.

Study details: The data come from two randomized controlled trials including patients with IBS-C (n = 124) and IBS-D (n = 47).

Disclosures: This study was partly funded by the Monica Lester Charitable Trust; Elias, Genevieve, and Georgianna Atol Charitable Trust; and others. Some authors declared receiving research grants or serving as consultants or speakers for various sources.

Source: Villanueva-Millan MJ et al. Methanogens and hydrogen sulfide producing bacteria guide distinct gut microbe profiles and irritable bowel syndrome subtypes. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 (Sep 6). Doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001997

Key clinical point: Fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) did not appear to be an effective treatment for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms whether administered orally or via colonoscopy, gastroscopy, or a nasojejunal tube, with initial improvements wearing off drastically over time.

Major finding: Despite a significant improvement in the quality-of-life score in the FMT vs control group (mean difference 9.32; P = .0005), the overall change in IBS symptom severity score (P = .67) and the number of respondents considering all routes of administration (P = .19) were not significantly different between treatment arms.

Study details: Findings are from a meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials including 472 patients with IBS who received either FMT or autologous transfer/placebo (control group).

Disclosures: This study did not declare any source of funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Abdelghafar YA et al. Efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplant in irritable bowel syndrome: An update based on meta‐analysis of randomized control trials. Health Sci Rep. 2022;5(5):e814 (Sep 12). Doi: 10.1002/hsr2.814

Key clinical point: Fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) did not appear to be an effective treatment for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms whether administered orally or via colonoscopy, gastroscopy, or a nasojejunal tube, with initial improvements wearing off drastically over time.

Major finding: Despite a significant improvement in the quality-of-life score in the FMT vs control group (mean difference 9.32; P = .0005), the overall change in IBS symptom severity score (P = .67) and the number of respondents considering all routes of administration (P = .19) were not significantly different between treatment arms.

Study details: Findings are from a meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials including 472 patients with IBS who received either FMT or autologous transfer/placebo (control group).

Disclosures: This study did not declare any source of funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Abdelghafar YA et al. Efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplant in irritable bowel syndrome: An update based on meta‐analysis of randomized control trials. Health Sci Rep. 2022;5(5):e814 (Sep 12). Doi: 10.1002/hsr2.814

Key clinical point: Fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) did not appear to be an effective treatment for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms whether administered orally or via colonoscopy, gastroscopy, or a nasojejunal tube, with initial improvements wearing off drastically over time.

Major finding: Despite a significant improvement in the quality-of-life score in the FMT vs control group (mean difference 9.32; P = .0005), the overall change in IBS symptom severity score (P = .67) and the number of respondents considering all routes of administration (P = .19) were not significantly different between treatment arms.

Study details: Findings are from a meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials including 472 patients with IBS who received either FMT or autologous transfer/placebo (control group).

Disclosures: This study did not declare any source of funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Abdelghafar YA et al. Efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplant in irritable bowel syndrome: An update based on meta‐analysis of randomized control trials. Health Sci Rep. 2022;5(5):e814 (Sep 12). Doi: 10.1002/hsr2.814