Image from PLOS ONE

Results of a phase 3 trial suggest rabbit anti-T lymphocyte globulin (ATLG) can reduce graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) but also decrease survival in patients who have received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) from a matched, unrelated donor.

In this randomized trial, ATLG significantly decreased the incidence of moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD and acute grade 2-4 GVHD, when compared to placebo.

However, patients who received ATLG also had significantly lower progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than placebo-treated patients.

On the other hand, the data also suggest that patients who receive conditioning regimens that do not lower absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) substantially may not experience a significant decrease in survival with ATLG.

These results were published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The study was sponsored by Neovii Pharmaceuticals AG, which is developing ATLG as Grafalon®.

The study was a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial conducted in North America and Australia (NCT01295710). It enrolled 254 patients, ages 18 to 65, who had acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, or myelodysplastic syndromes. All patients were undergoing myeloablative, HLA-matched, unrelated HSCT.

Patients were randomized in a 1:1 fashion to receive ATLG (given at 20 mg/kg/day, n=126) or placebo (250 ml of normal saline, n=128) on days -3, -2, and -1 prior to HSCT.

In addition, all patients received antihistamine and methylprednisolone (at 2 mg/kg on day -3 and 1 mg/kg on days -2 and -1).

Patients also received GVHD prophylaxis in the form of tacrolimus (with a target serum trough level of 5 to 15 ng/mL) and methotrexate (15 mg/m² on day 1, then 10 mg/m² on days 3, 6, and 11). If patients did not develop clinical GVHD, tacrolimus was tapered starting on day 50 or later over a minimum of 26 weeks and ultimately discontinued.

Patients received 1 of 3 conditioning regimens, which were declared prior to randomization and included:

• Cyclophosphamide at 120 mg/kg intravenously (IV) and fractionated total body irradiation (TBI, ≥12 Gy)
• Busulfan at 16 mg/kg orally or 12.8 mg/kg IV and cyclophosphamide at 120 mg/kg IV
• Busulfan at 16 mg/kg orally or 12.8 mg/kg IV and fludarabine at 120 mg/m2 IV.

Overall results

Compared to placebo-treated patients, those who received ATLG had a significant reduction in grade 2-4 acute GVHD—23% and 40%, respectively (P=0.004)—and moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD—12% and 33%, respectively (P<0.001).

However, there was no significant difference between the ATLG and placebo arms with regard to moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival. The 2-year estimate was 48% and 44%, respectively (P=0.47).

In addition, PFS and OS were significantly lower in patients who received ATLG. The estimated 2-year PFS was 47% in the ATLG arm and 65% in the placebo arm (P=0.04). The estimated 2-year OS was 59% and 74%, respectively (P=0.034).

In a multivariable analysis, ATLG remained significantly associated with inferior PFS (hazard ratio [HR]=1.55, P=0.026) and OS (hazard ratio=1.74, P=0.01).

Role of conditioning, ALC

The researchers found evidence to suggest that conditioning regimen and ALC played a role in patient outcomes.

For patients who received cyclophosphamide and TBI, 2-year moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival was 61% in the placebo arm and 38% in the ATLG arm (P=0.080). Two-year OS was 88% and 48%, respectively (P=0.006). And 2-year PFS was 75% and 29%, respectively (P=0.007).

For patients who received busulfan and cyclophosphamide, 2-year moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival was 47% in the placebo arm and 53% in the ATLG arm (P=0.650). Two-year OS was 77% and 71%, respectively (P=0.350). And 2-year PFS was 73% and 60%, respectively (P=0.460).

For patients who received busulfan and fludarabine, 2-year moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival was 33% in the placebo arm and 49% in the ATLG arm (P=0.047). Two-year OS was 66% and 53%, respectively (P=0.520). And 2-year PFS was 58% and 48%, respectively (P=0.540).

The researchers noted that the choice of conditioning regimen had a “profound effect” on ALC at day -3 (the time of ATLG/placebo initiation). More than 70% of patients who received TBI had an ALC <0.1 x 10⁹/L, compared to less than 35% of patients who received busulfan-based conditioning.

ALC, in turn, had an impact on PFS and OS. In patients with an ALC ≥ 0.1 x 10⁹/L on day -3, ATLG did not compromise PFS or OS, but PFS and OS were negatively affected in patients with an ALC < 0.1.

ATLG recipients with an ALC < 0.1 had significantly worse OS (HR=4.13, P<0.001) and PFS (HR=3.19, P<0.001) than patients with an ALC ≥ 0.1.

Image from PLOS ONE

Results of a phase 3 trial suggest rabbit anti-T lymphocyte globulin (ATLG) can reduce graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) but also decrease survival in patients who have received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) from a matched, unrelated donor.

In this randomized trial, ATLG significantly decreased the incidence of moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD and acute grade 2-4 GVHD, when compared to placebo.

However, patients who received ATLG also had significantly lower progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than placebo-treated patients.

On the other hand, the data also suggest that patients who receive conditioning regimens that do not lower absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) substantially may not experience a significant decrease in survival with ATLG.

These results were published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The study was sponsored by Neovii Pharmaceuticals AG, which is developing ATLG as Grafalon®.

The study was a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial conducted in North America and Australia (NCT01295710). It enrolled 254 patients, ages 18 to 65, who had acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, or myelodysplastic syndromes. All patients were undergoing myeloablative, HLA-matched, unrelated HSCT.

Patients were randomized in a 1:1 fashion to receive ATLG (given at 20 mg/kg/day, n=126) or placebo (250 ml of normal saline, n=128) on days -3, -2, and -1 prior to HSCT.

In addition, all patients received antihistamine and methylprednisolone (at 2 mg/kg on day -3 and 1 mg/kg on days -2 and -1).

Patients also received GVHD prophylaxis in the form of tacrolimus (with a target serum trough level of 5 to 15 ng/mL) and methotrexate (15 mg/m² on day 1, then 10 mg/m² on days 3, 6, and 11). If patients did not develop clinical GVHD, tacrolimus was tapered starting on day 50 or later over a minimum of 26 weeks and ultimately discontinued.

Patients received 1 of 3 conditioning regimens, which were declared prior to randomization and included:

• Cyclophosphamide at 120 mg/kg intravenously (IV) and fractionated total body irradiation (TBI, ≥12 Gy)
• Busulfan at 16 mg/kg orally or 12.8 mg/kg IV and cyclophosphamide at 120 mg/kg IV
• Busulfan at 16 mg/kg orally or 12.8 mg/kg IV and fludarabine at 120 mg/m2 IV.

Overall results

Compared to placebo-treated patients, those who received ATLG had a significant reduction in grade 2-4 acute GVHD—23% and 40%, respectively (P=0.004)—and moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD—12% and 33%, respectively (P<0.001).

However, there was no significant difference between the ATLG and placebo arms with regard to moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival. The 2-year estimate was 48% and 44%, respectively (P=0.47).

In addition, PFS and OS were significantly lower in patients who received ATLG. The estimated 2-year PFS was 47% in the ATLG arm and 65% in the placebo arm (P=0.04). The estimated 2-year OS was 59% and 74%, respectively (P=0.034).

In a multivariable analysis, ATLG remained significantly associated with inferior PFS (hazard ratio [HR]=1.55, P=0.026) and OS (hazard ratio=1.74, P=0.01).

Role of conditioning, ALC

The researchers found evidence to suggest that conditioning regimen and ALC played a role in patient outcomes.

For patients who received cyclophosphamide and TBI, 2-year moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival was 61% in the placebo arm and 38% in the ATLG arm (P=0.080). Two-year OS was 88% and 48%, respectively (P=0.006). And 2-year PFS was 75% and 29%, respectively (P=0.007).

For patients who received busulfan and cyclophosphamide, 2-year moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival was 47% in the placebo arm and 53% in the ATLG arm (P=0.650). Two-year OS was 77% and 71%, respectively (P=0.350). And 2-year PFS was 73% and 60%, respectively (P=0.460).

For patients who received busulfan and fludarabine, 2-year moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival was 33% in the placebo arm and 49% in the ATLG arm (P=0.047). Two-year OS was 66% and 53%, respectively (P=0.520). And 2-year PFS was 58% and 48%, respectively (P=0.540).

The researchers noted that the choice of conditioning regimen had a “profound effect” on ALC at day -3 (the time of ATLG/placebo initiation). More than 70% of patients who received TBI had an ALC <0.1 x 10⁹/L, compared to less than 35% of patients who received busulfan-based conditioning.

ALC, in turn, had an impact on PFS and OS. In patients with an ALC ≥ 0.1 x 10⁹/L on day -3, ATLG did not compromise PFS or OS, but PFS and OS were negatively affected in patients with an ALC < 0.1.

ATLG recipients with an ALC < 0.1 had significantly worse OS (HR=4.13, P<0.001) and PFS (HR=3.19, P<0.001) than patients with an ALC ≥ 0.1.

Image from PLOS ONE

Results of a phase 3 trial suggest rabbit anti-T lymphocyte globulin (ATLG) can reduce graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) but also decrease survival in patients who have received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) from a matched, unrelated donor.

In this randomized trial, ATLG significantly decreased the incidence of moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD and acute grade 2-4 GVHD, when compared to placebo.

However, patients who received ATLG also had significantly lower progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than placebo-treated patients.

On the other hand, the data also suggest that patients who receive conditioning regimens that do not lower absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) substantially may not experience a significant decrease in survival with ATLG.

These results were published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The study was sponsored by Neovii Pharmaceuticals AG, which is developing ATLG as Grafalon®.

The study was a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial conducted in North America and Australia (NCT01295710). It enrolled 254 patients, ages 18 to 65, who had acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, or myelodysplastic syndromes. All patients were undergoing myeloablative, HLA-matched, unrelated HSCT.

Patients were randomized in a 1:1 fashion to receive ATLG (given at 20 mg/kg/day, n=126) or placebo (250 ml of normal saline, n=128) on days -3, -2, and -1 prior to HSCT.

In addition, all patients received antihistamine and methylprednisolone (at 2 mg/kg on day -3 and 1 mg/kg on days -2 and -1).

Patients also received GVHD prophylaxis in the form of tacrolimus (with a target serum trough level of 5 to 15 ng/mL) and methotrexate (15 mg/m² on day 1, then 10 mg/m² on days 3, 6, and 11). If patients did not develop clinical GVHD, tacrolimus was tapered starting on day 50 or later over a minimum of 26 weeks and ultimately discontinued.

Patients received 1 of 3 conditioning regimens, which were declared prior to randomization and included:

• Cyclophosphamide at 120 mg/kg intravenously (IV) and fractionated total body irradiation (TBI, ≥12 Gy)
• Busulfan at 16 mg/kg orally or 12.8 mg/kg IV and cyclophosphamide at 120 mg/kg IV
• Busulfan at 16 mg/kg orally or 12.8 mg/kg IV and fludarabine at 120 mg/m2 IV.

Overall results

Compared to placebo-treated patients, those who received ATLG had a significant reduction in grade 2-4 acute GVHD—23% and 40%, respectively (P=0.004)—and moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD—12% and 33%, respectively (P<0.001).

However, there was no significant difference between the ATLG and placebo arms with regard to moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival. The 2-year estimate was 48% and 44%, respectively (P=0.47).

In addition, PFS and OS were significantly lower in patients who received ATLG. The estimated 2-year PFS was 47% in the ATLG arm and 65% in the placebo arm (P=0.04). The estimated 2-year OS was 59% and 74%, respectively (P=0.034).

In a multivariable analysis, ATLG remained significantly associated with inferior PFS (hazard ratio [HR]=1.55, P=0.026) and OS (hazard ratio=1.74, P=0.01).

Role of conditioning, ALC

The researchers found evidence to suggest that conditioning regimen and ALC played a role in patient outcomes.

For patients who received cyclophosphamide and TBI, 2-year moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival was 61% in the placebo arm and 38% in the ATLG arm (P=0.080). Two-year OS was 88% and 48%, respectively (P=0.006). And 2-year PFS was 75% and 29%, respectively (P=0.007).

For patients who received busulfan and cyclophosphamide, 2-year moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival was 47% in the placebo arm and 53% in the ATLG arm (P=0.650). Two-year OS was 77% and 71%, respectively (P=0.350). And 2-year PFS was 73% and 60%, respectively (P=0.460).

For patients who received busulfan and fludarabine, 2-year moderate-severe chronic GVHD-free survival was 33% in the placebo arm and 49% in the ATLG arm (P=0.047). Two-year OS was 66% and 53%, respectively (P=0.520). And 2-year PFS was 58% and 48%, respectively (P=0.540).

The researchers noted that the choice of conditioning regimen had a “profound effect” on ALC at day -3 (the time of ATLG/placebo initiation). More than 70% of patients who received TBI had an ALC <0.1 x 10⁹/L, compared to less than 35% of patients who received busulfan-based conditioning.

ALC, in turn, had an impact on PFS and OS. In patients with an ALC ≥ 0.1 x 10⁹/L on day -3, ATLG did not compromise PFS or OS, but PFS and OS were negatively affected in patients with an ALC < 0.1.

ATLG recipients with an ALC < 0.1 had significantly worse OS (HR=4.13, P<0.001) and PFS (HR=3.19, P<0.001) than patients with an ALC ≥ 0.1.

Image by Spencer Phillips

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted an investigational new drug application for SHP654 (also known as BAX 888) and granted the therapy orphan drug designation.

SHP654 is an investigational factor VIII (FVIII) gene therapy intended to treat hemophilia A using an adeno-associated virus serotype 8 vector to deliver codon-optimized, B-domain-deleted FVIII specifically to a patient’s liver, where FVIII would then be produced and used to manage bleeds.

Shire, the company developing SHP654, received FDA clearance for an investigational new drug application to initiate a global, phase 1/2 study of SHP654.

In this study, researchers will evaluate the safety and optimal dose of SHP654 needed to boost FVIII activity levels and affect hemophilic bleeding. Shire expects this study will begin by the end of this year.

The FDA also granted orphan designation to SHP654. The agency grants orphan designation to products intended to treat, diagnose, or prevent diseases/disorders that affect fewer than 200,000 people in the US.

The designation provides incentives for sponsors to develop products for rare diseases. This may include tax credits toward the cost of clinical trials, prescription drug user fee waivers, and 7 years of market exclusivity if the product is approved.

“This important orphan drug designation highlights Shire’s commitment to patients with rare diseases, and, for hemophilia patients specifically, our aim is to help them achieve zero bleeds,” said Paul Monahan, MD, senior medical director of gene therapy at Shire.

“We know that hemophilia care is not one-size-fits-all and that every patient is unique, which is why we continue to focus on optimizing personal outcomes for hemophilia patients by developing innovations to transform care.”

Image by Spencer Phillips

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted an investigational new drug application for SHP654 (also known as BAX 888) and granted the therapy orphan drug designation.

SHP654 is an investigational factor VIII (FVIII) gene therapy intended to treat hemophilia A using an adeno-associated virus serotype 8 vector to deliver codon-optimized, B-domain-deleted FVIII specifically to a patient’s liver, where FVIII would then be produced and used to manage bleeds.

Shire, the company developing SHP654, received FDA clearance for an investigational new drug application to initiate a global, phase 1/2 study of SHP654.

In this study, researchers will evaluate the safety and optimal dose of SHP654 needed to boost FVIII activity levels and affect hemophilic bleeding. Shire expects this study will begin by the end of this year.

The FDA also granted orphan designation to SHP654. The agency grants orphan designation to products intended to treat, diagnose, or prevent diseases/disorders that affect fewer than 200,000 people in the US.

The designation provides incentives for sponsors to develop products for rare diseases. This may include tax credits toward the cost of clinical trials, prescription drug user fee waivers, and 7 years of market exclusivity if the product is approved.

“This important orphan drug designation highlights Shire’s commitment to patients with rare diseases, and, for hemophilia patients specifically, our aim is to help them achieve zero bleeds,” said Paul Monahan, MD, senior medical director of gene therapy at Shire.

“We know that hemophilia care is not one-size-fits-all and that every patient is unique, which is why we continue to focus on optimizing personal outcomes for hemophilia patients by developing innovations to transform care.”

Image by Spencer Phillips

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted an investigational new drug application for SHP654 (also known as BAX 888) and granted the therapy orphan drug designation.

SHP654 is an investigational factor VIII (FVIII) gene therapy intended to treat hemophilia A using an adeno-associated virus serotype 8 vector to deliver codon-optimized, B-domain-deleted FVIII specifically to a patient’s liver, where FVIII would then be produced and used to manage bleeds.

Shire, the company developing SHP654, received FDA clearance for an investigational new drug application to initiate a global, phase 1/2 study of SHP654.

In this study, researchers will evaluate the safety and optimal dose of SHP654 needed to boost FVIII activity levels and affect hemophilic bleeding. Shire expects this study will begin by the end of this year.

The FDA also granted orphan designation to SHP654. The agency grants orphan designation to products intended to treat, diagnose, or prevent diseases/disorders that affect fewer than 200,000 people in the US.

The designation provides incentives for sponsors to develop products for rare diseases. This may include tax credits toward the cost of clinical trials, prescription drug user fee waivers, and 7 years of market exclusivity if the product is approved.

“This important orphan drug designation highlights Shire’s commitment to patients with rare diseases, and, for hemophilia patients specifically, our aim is to help them achieve zero bleeds,” said Paul Monahan, MD, senior medical director of gene therapy at Shire.

“We know that hemophilia care is not one-size-fits-all and that every patient is unique, which is why we continue to focus on optimizing personal outcomes for hemophilia patients by developing innovations to transform care.”

Ortho Clinical Diagnostics

The China Food and Drug Administration has approved Ortho Clinical Diagnostics’ ORTHO VISION® Platform of fully automated blood analyzers for transfusion medicine laboratories.

The platform consists of ORTHO VISION and ORTHO VISION Max.

ORTHO VISION is a blood analyzer designed for small- to mid-sized transfusion labs, and ORTHO VISION Max is an analyzer developed for mid- to high-volume labs.

According to Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, the ORTHO VISION Platform automates more tests than ever before and takes less time to perform those tests.

The platform supports complex immunohematology testing such as serial dilutions for titration studies, reflex tests, and selected cell antibody identification.

The ORTHO VISION Platform also has scheduling intelligence, which allows a transfusion medicine department to process routine samples and STAT orders as they are received, rather than waiting for a complete batch before running the instrument.

The ORTHO VISION Platform offers dynamic workflow and lab standardization across instrumentation, technology, procedures, and training. These features are intended to help labs keep pace with growing industry pressure to increase productivity while remaining operationally efficient.

ORTHO VISION and ORTHO VISION Max are commercially available in countries other than China as well, including the US, Japan, and European countries.

“Around the world, transfusion medicine labs are facing increasing pressure to perform more tests with fewer resources, and yet their work in ensuring that all patients receive safe and appropriate blood remains critically important,” said Robert Yates, chief operating officer of Ortho Clinical Diagnostics.

“Ortho is committed to helping labs become more efficient while continuing to perform precise, accurate testing.” 

Ortho Clinical Diagnostics

The China Food and Drug Administration has approved Ortho Clinical Diagnostics’ ORTHO VISION® Platform of fully automated blood analyzers for transfusion medicine laboratories.

The platform consists of ORTHO VISION and ORTHO VISION Max.

ORTHO VISION is a blood analyzer designed for small- to mid-sized transfusion labs, and ORTHO VISION Max is an analyzer developed for mid- to high-volume labs.

According to Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, the ORTHO VISION Platform automates more tests than ever before and takes less time to perform those tests.

The platform supports complex immunohematology testing such as serial dilutions for titration studies, reflex tests, and selected cell antibody identification.

The ORTHO VISION Platform also has scheduling intelligence, which allows a transfusion medicine department to process routine samples and STAT orders as they are received, rather than waiting for a complete batch before running the instrument.

The ORTHO VISION Platform offers dynamic workflow and lab standardization across instrumentation, technology, procedures, and training. These features are intended to help labs keep pace with growing industry pressure to increase productivity while remaining operationally efficient.

ORTHO VISION and ORTHO VISION Max are commercially available in countries other than China as well, including the US, Japan, and European countries.

“Around the world, transfusion medicine labs are facing increasing pressure to perform more tests with fewer resources, and yet their work in ensuring that all patients receive safe and appropriate blood remains critically important,” said Robert Yates, chief operating officer of Ortho Clinical Diagnostics.

“Ortho is committed to helping labs become more efficient while continuing to perform precise, accurate testing.” 

Ortho Clinical Diagnostics

The China Food and Drug Administration has approved Ortho Clinical Diagnostics’ ORTHO VISION® Platform of fully automated blood analyzers for transfusion medicine laboratories.

The platform consists of ORTHO VISION and ORTHO VISION Max.

ORTHO VISION is a blood analyzer designed for small- to mid-sized transfusion labs, and ORTHO VISION Max is an analyzer developed for mid- to high-volume labs.

According to Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, the ORTHO VISION Platform automates more tests than ever before and takes less time to perform those tests.

The platform supports complex immunohematology testing such as serial dilutions for titration studies, reflex tests, and selected cell antibody identification.

The ORTHO VISION Platform also has scheduling intelligence, which allows a transfusion medicine department to process routine samples and STAT orders as they are received, rather than waiting for a complete batch before running the instrument.

The ORTHO VISION Platform offers dynamic workflow and lab standardization across instrumentation, technology, procedures, and training. These features are intended to help labs keep pace with growing industry pressure to increase productivity while remaining operationally efficient.

ORTHO VISION and ORTHO VISION Max are commercially available in countries other than China as well, including the US, Japan, and European countries.

“Around the world, transfusion medicine labs are facing increasing pressure to perform more tests with fewer resources, and yet their work in ensuring that all patients receive safe and appropriate blood remains critically important,” said Robert Yates, chief operating officer of Ortho Clinical Diagnostics.

“Ortho is committed to helping labs become more efficient while continuing to perform precise, accurate testing.” 

The results of a 4-mm punch biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of actinic lichen planus. As the name implies, this form of lichen planus occurs in areas of sun exposure. Treatment is the same as for other forms of lichen planus, with the addition of avoiding the sun.

The FP counseled the patient about the use of sunscreen and avoiding sun exposure as much as possible. The FP then prescribed a mid-potency topical corticosteroid, 0.1% triamcinolone cream. (A low-potency steroid is unlikely to be beneficial.) In cases like this one, a short course of a mid-potency steroid should be safe on the face without causing atrophy.

At follow-up, there was a significant improvement in the appearance of the patient’s face and hands. The patient was pleased with these results and said she’d been more careful with sun exposure. The FP prescribed 2.5% hydrocortisone cream to be used on the face as needed, in conjunction with the continued use of triamcinolone on the hands as needed.

Photos and text for Photo Rounds Friday courtesy of Richard P. Usatine, MD. This case was adapted from: Kraft RL, Usatine R. Lichen planus. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013: 901-909.

To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/

You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com

The results of a 4-mm punch biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of actinic lichen planus. As the name implies, this form of lichen planus occurs in areas of sun exposure. Treatment is the same as for other forms of lichen planus, with the addition of avoiding the sun.

The FP counseled the patient about the use of sunscreen and avoiding sun exposure as much as possible. The FP then prescribed a mid-potency topical corticosteroid, 0.1% triamcinolone cream. (A low-potency steroid is unlikely to be beneficial.) In cases like this one, a short course of a mid-potency steroid should be safe on the face without causing atrophy.

At follow-up, there was a significant improvement in the appearance of the patient’s face and hands. The patient was pleased with these results and said she’d been more careful with sun exposure. The FP prescribed 2.5% hydrocortisone cream to be used on the face as needed, in conjunction with the continued use of triamcinolone on the hands as needed.

Photos and text for Photo Rounds Friday courtesy of Richard P. Usatine, MD. This case was adapted from: Kraft RL, Usatine R. Lichen planus. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013: 901-909.

To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/

You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com

The results of a 4-mm punch biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of actinic lichen planus. As the name implies, this form of lichen planus occurs in areas of sun exposure. Treatment is the same as for other forms of lichen planus, with the addition of avoiding the sun.

The FP counseled the patient about the use of sunscreen and avoiding sun exposure as much as possible. The FP then prescribed a mid-potency topical corticosteroid, 0.1% triamcinolone cream. (A low-potency steroid is unlikely to be beneficial.) In cases like this one, a short course of a mid-potency steroid should be safe on the face without causing atrophy.

At follow-up, there was a significant improvement in the appearance of the patient’s face and hands. The patient was pleased with these results and said she’d been more careful with sun exposure. The FP prescribed 2.5% hydrocortisone cream to be used on the face as needed, in conjunction with the continued use of triamcinolone on the hands as needed.

Photos and text for Photo Rounds Friday courtesy of Richard P. Usatine, MD. This case was adapted from: Kraft RL, Usatine R. Lichen planus. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013: 901-909.

To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/

You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com

Novel picosecond-domain 1,064 nm and 532 nm neodymium: yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers used with a new holographic beam splitter safely and effectively treated facial acne scars in a prospective study.

Among the 27 participants who completed the study, the mean improvement in acne scarring was 1.4 on a 10-point global aesthetic scale (range –4 to 6 points; 95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.9); these assessments were performed by three blinded physician reviewers 12 weeks after the last treatment. In addition, 23 (85%) of the participants reported that they were satisfied or very satisfied with their treatment, Eric F. Bernstein, MD, who is in private practice in Ardmore, Pa., and his coauthors reported (Lasers Surg Med. 2017 Nov;49[9]:796-802).

The study comprised 27 men and women with Fitzpatrick skin types II-V whose mean age was 45 years. They were treated with four monthly treatments. Of the participants, 19 were treated with the 1,064 nm laser and 8 with the 532 nm laser; both treatments employed a novel holographic hand piece to deliver precise beams of focused laser energy. Blinded physician reviewers evaluated digital images taken both before treatment and 12 weeks after the final treatment.

Based on the averages of scores from the reviewers, 81% of the participants showed some degree of improvement, 48% had a mean improvement of at least 2 points, and 26% had a mean improvement score of at least 3 points.

Participants experienced some side effects immediately after treatment, including mild to moderate erythema (100% of patients for both lasers), mild to moderate edema (95% for 1,064 nm, 97% for 532 nm), mild to moderate petechiae (50%, 38%), and mild purpura (17%, 0%). All these responses cleared within a few hours or a few days after treatments, according to patient reports.

None of the patients experienced pigmentary changes, based on before and after treatment photos. In contrast, the most commonly used laser for treating acne scarring – the nonfractionated CO₂ laser – causes significant hyperpigmentation and even permanent hypopigmentation, the authors pointed out.

No significant difference was seen when comparing mean improvement scores between participants treated with the 1,064 nm lasers and those treated with the 532 nm lasers.

“The use of picosecond-domain pulses delivers clinical benefits at lower fluences and energies than would be required at longer pulse durations and may offer qualitatively different tissue effects than earlier-generation lasers,” Dr. Bernstein and his coauthors wrote. “Future studies investigating combinations of the 1,064 and 532 nm picosecond-domain fractionated wavelengths, as well as larger trials with skin types V and VI, should increase the ways the device is used and the conditions it is used to treat,” they added.

Limitations of the study included the short 3-month follow-up, they noted.

The study was funded by Syneron Candela, the manufacturer of the laser and the holographic beam-splitting optic used in the study; the company loaned the equipment for the study. Dr. Bernstein is a consultant for Syneron Candela. Two of the five authors were employees of Syneron Candela at the time the study was conducted. No other financial disclosures were reported.

Novel picosecond-domain 1,064 nm and 532 nm neodymium: yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers used with a new holographic beam splitter safely and effectively treated facial acne scars in a prospective study.

Among the 27 participants who completed the study, the mean improvement in acne scarring was 1.4 on a 10-point global aesthetic scale (range –4 to 6 points; 95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.9); these assessments were performed by three blinded physician reviewers 12 weeks after the last treatment. In addition, 23 (85%) of the participants reported that they were satisfied or very satisfied with their treatment, Eric F. Bernstein, MD, who is in private practice in Ardmore, Pa., and his coauthors reported (Lasers Surg Med. 2017 Nov;49[9]:796-802).

The study comprised 27 men and women with Fitzpatrick skin types II-V whose mean age was 45 years. They were treated with four monthly treatments. Of the participants, 19 were treated with the 1,064 nm laser and 8 with the 532 nm laser; both treatments employed a novel holographic hand piece to deliver precise beams of focused laser energy. Blinded physician reviewers evaluated digital images taken both before treatment and 12 weeks after the final treatment.

Based on the averages of scores from the reviewers, 81% of the participants showed some degree of improvement, 48% had a mean improvement of at least 2 points, and 26% had a mean improvement score of at least 3 points.

Participants experienced some side effects immediately after treatment, including mild to moderate erythema (100% of patients for both lasers), mild to moderate edema (95% for 1,064 nm, 97% for 532 nm), mild to moderate petechiae (50%, 38%), and mild purpura (17%, 0%). All these responses cleared within a few hours or a few days after treatments, according to patient reports.

None of the patients experienced pigmentary changes, based on before and after treatment photos. In contrast, the most commonly used laser for treating acne scarring – the nonfractionated CO₂ laser – causes significant hyperpigmentation and even permanent hypopigmentation, the authors pointed out.

No significant difference was seen when comparing mean improvement scores between participants treated with the 1,064 nm lasers and those treated with the 532 nm lasers.

“The use of picosecond-domain pulses delivers clinical benefits at lower fluences and energies than would be required at longer pulse durations and may offer qualitatively different tissue effects than earlier-generation lasers,” Dr. Bernstein and his coauthors wrote. “Future studies investigating combinations of the 1,064 and 532 nm picosecond-domain fractionated wavelengths, as well as larger trials with skin types V and VI, should increase the ways the device is used and the conditions it is used to treat,” they added.

Limitations of the study included the short 3-month follow-up, they noted.

The study was funded by Syneron Candela, the manufacturer of the laser and the holographic beam-splitting optic used in the study; the company loaned the equipment for the study. Dr. Bernstein is a consultant for Syneron Candela. Two of the five authors were employees of Syneron Candela at the time the study was conducted. No other financial disclosures were reported.

Novel picosecond-domain 1,064 nm and 532 nm neodymium: yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers used with a new holographic beam splitter safely and effectively treated facial acne scars in a prospective study.

Among the 27 participants who completed the study, the mean improvement in acne scarring was 1.4 on a 10-point global aesthetic scale (range –4 to 6 points; 95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.9); these assessments were performed by three blinded physician reviewers 12 weeks after the last treatment. In addition, 23 (85%) of the participants reported that they were satisfied or very satisfied with their treatment, Eric F. Bernstein, MD, who is in private practice in Ardmore, Pa., and his coauthors reported (Lasers Surg Med. 2017 Nov;49[9]:796-802).

The study comprised 27 men and women with Fitzpatrick skin types II-V whose mean age was 45 years. They were treated with four monthly treatments. Of the participants, 19 were treated with the 1,064 nm laser and 8 with the 532 nm laser; both treatments employed a novel holographic hand piece to deliver precise beams of focused laser energy. Blinded physician reviewers evaluated digital images taken both before treatment and 12 weeks after the final treatment.

Based on the averages of scores from the reviewers, 81% of the participants showed some degree of improvement, 48% had a mean improvement of at least 2 points, and 26% had a mean improvement score of at least 3 points.

Participants experienced some side effects immediately after treatment, including mild to moderate erythema (100% of patients for both lasers), mild to moderate edema (95% for 1,064 nm, 97% for 532 nm), mild to moderate petechiae (50%, 38%), and mild purpura (17%, 0%). All these responses cleared within a few hours or a few days after treatments, according to patient reports.

None of the patients experienced pigmentary changes, based on before and after treatment photos. In contrast, the most commonly used laser for treating acne scarring – the nonfractionated CO₂ laser – causes significant hyperpigmentation and even permanent hypopigmentation, the authors pointed out.

No significant difference was seen when comparing mean improvement scores between participants treated with the 1,064 nm lasers and those treated with the 532 nm lasers.

“The use of picosecond-domain pulses delivers clinical benefits at lower fluences and energies than would be required at longer pulse durations and may offer qualitatively different tissue effects than earlier-generation lasers,” Dr. Bernstein and his coauthors wrote. “Future studies investigating combinations of the 1,064 and 532 nm picosecond-domain fractionated wavelengths, as well as larger trials with skin types V and VI, should increase the ways the device is used and the conditions it is used to treat,” they added.

Limitations of the study included the short 3-month follow-up, they noted.

The study was funded by Syneron Candela, the manufacturer of the laser and the holographic beam-splitting optic used in the study; the company loaned the equipment for the study. Dr. Bernstein is a consultant for Syneron Candela. Two of the five authors were employees of Syneron Candela at the time the study was conducted. No other financial disclosures were reported.

Herpes zoster subunit vaccine (Shingrix) was preferentially recommended over zoster vaccine live (Zostavax) for preventing herpes zoster and related complications Oct. 25 at a meeting of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.

Eight committee members voted for the recommendation, and seven voted against it.

Herpes zoster subunit vaccine (Shingrix) was preferentially recommended over zoster vaccine live (Zostavax) for preventing herpes zoster and related complications Oct. 25 at a meeting of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.

Eight committee members voted for the recommendation, and seven voted against it.

Herpes zoster subunit vaccine (Shingrix) was preferentially recommended over zoster vaccine live (Zostavax) for preventing herpes zoster and related complications Oct. 25 at a meeting of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.

Eight committee members voted for the recommendation, and seven voted against it.

Yoga provides physical and mental benefits for both lung cancer patients and their caregivers, according to results of a randomized study presented at the Palliative and Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium.

“Overall, we are encouraged by the findings,” said lead study author, Kathrin Milbury, PhD, of University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.

iStock

Yoga provides physical and mental benefits for both lung cancer patients and their caregivers, according to results of a randomized study presented at the Palliative and Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium.

“Overall, we are encouraged by the findings,” said lead study author, Kathrin Milbury, PhD, of University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.

iStock

Yoga provides physical and mental benefits for both lung cancer patients and their caregivers, according to results of a randomized study presented at the Palliative and Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium.

“Overall, we are encouraged by the findings,” said lead study author, Kathrin Milbury, PhD, of University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.

iStock

SAN DIEGO – Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are practically inevitable for surgeons, eventually occurring in more than 90%, no matter what type of surgery they practice.

At the annual clinical congress of the American College of Surgeons, this eyebrow-raising fact was presented with a sobering addendum: No one seems to be doing much about it.

“There are some ergonomic guidelines for surgeons out there, but most surgeons don’t know about them,” said Tatiana Catanzarite, MD, who has conducted research on this topic. When she began looking into the problem of work-related injuries among surgeons, she was surprised at the dearth of published research. It’s no wonder then, said Dr. Catanzarite and other panel members, that most surgeons learn proper work posture on the fly and may or may not be using the most efficient and mechanically sound instrumentation angles when performing surgery.
 

Dr. Catanzarite, a female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery fellow at the University of California, San Diego, has just published a literature review on surgeon ergonomics. But reading about how to stand, how to hold instruments, and even how to sit at a robotic surgical console is no match for having an observer on the ground guiding and reinforcing work posture, she said. Unfortunately, that’s an unrealistic expectation for most surgeons, so Dr. Catanzarite is borrowing video-gaming technology to address the situation, she said in an interview.

She has adapted a popular video game motion-capture system that uses an infrared laser projector and a computer sensor to capture video data in three dimensions. The sensing range of the depth sensor is adjustable, and the software is capable of automatically calibrating the sensor based on the physical environment, accommodating the presence of obstacles and using infrared and depth cameras to capture a subject’s 3-D movements. The system doesn’t require bulky wearable components, “making it an ideal technology for the live operating room setting,” Dr. Catanzarite said. “In order to effectively assess surgical ergonomics, a less intrusive approach is needed, which can deliver precise reports on the body movements of the surgeons, as well as capturing the temporal distribution of different postures and limb angles.”

Dr. Catanzarite is using the system to launch an ergonomics assessment tool she calls Ergo-Kinect. The system will record surgeons’ movements in real time, gathering data about how they stand, move, and operate their instruments.

“Three-D interactive visualizations allow us to rotate and investigate specific motor activities from the collected data,” she said. The technology enables them to capture the movements of the surgeon and assign an ergonomic score for each movement. “Eventually we may be able to develop a system that can warn surgeons in real time if they are performing an activity which may be harmful from an ergonomics standpoint,” Dr. Catanzarite said.

The research is in its earliest phase – Dr. Catanzarite has only scanned a few surgeons. But she will continue to accrue data in order to eventually construct a system that could help surgeons of the future avoid the painful, and sometimes debilitating, physical costs of their career.

Dr. Catanzarite reported having no financial disclosures.
 

[email protected]

On Twitter @alz_gal

SAN DIEGO – Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are practically inevitable for surgeons, eventually occurring in more than 90%, no matter what type of surgery they practice.

At the annual clinical congress of the American College of Surgeons, this eyebrow-raising fact was presented with a sobering addendum: No one seems to be doing much about it.

“There are some ergonomic guidelines for surgeons out there, but most surgeons don’t know about them,” said Tatiana Catanzarite, MD, who has conducted research on this topic. When she began looking into the problem of work-related injuries among surgeons, she was surprised at the dearth of published research. It’s no wonder then, said Dr. Catanzarite and other panel members, that most surgeons learn proper work posture on the fly and may or may not be using the most efficient and mechanically sound instrumentation angles when performing surgery.
 

Dr. Catanzarite, a female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery fellow at the University of California, San Diego, has just published a literature review on surgeon ergonomics. But reading about how to stand, how to hold instruments, and even how to sit at a robotic surgical console is no match for having an observer on the ground guiding and reinforcing work posture, she said. Unfortunately, that’s an unrealistic expectation for most surgeons, so Dr. Catanzarite is borrowing video-gaming technology to address the situation, she said in an interview.

She has adapted a popular video game motion-capture system that uses an infrared laser projector and a computer sensor to capture video data in three dimensions. The sensing range of the depth sensor is adjustable, and the software is capable of automatically calibrating the sensor based on the physical environment, accommodating the presence of obstacles and using infrared and depth cameras to capture a subject’s 3-D movements. The system doesn’t require bulky wearable components, “making it an ideal technology for the live operating room setting,” Dr. Catanzarite said. “In order to effectively assess surgical ergonomics, a less intrusive approach is needed, which can deliver precise reports on the body movements of the surgeons, as well as capturing the temporal distribution of different postures and limb angles.”

Dr. Catanzarite is using the system to launch an ergonomics assessment tool she calls Ergo-Kinect. The system will record surgeons’ movements in real time, gathering data about how they stand, move, and operate their instruments.

“Three-D interactive visualizations allow us to rotate and investigate specific motor activities from the collected data,” she said. The technology enables them to capture the movements of the surgeon and assign an ergonomic score for each movement. “Eventually we may be able to develop a system that can warn surgeons in real time if they are performing an activity which may be harmful from an ergonomics standpoint,” Dr. Catanzarite said.

The research is in its earliest phase – Dr. Catanzarite has only scanned a few surgeons. But she will continue to accrue data in order to eventually construct a system that could help surgeons of the future avoid the painful, and sometimes debilitating, physical costs of their career.

Dr. Catanzarite reported having no financial disclosures.
 

[email protected]

On Twitter @alz_gal

SAN DIEGO – Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are practically inevitable for surgeons, eventually occurring in more than 90%, no matter what type of surgery they practice.

At the annual clinical congress of the American College of Surgeons, this eyebrow-raising fact was presented with a sobering addendum: No one seems to be doing much about it.

“There are some ergonomic guidelines for surgeons out there, but most surgeons don’t know about them,” said Tatiana Catanzarite, MD, who has conducted research on this topic. When she began looking into the problem of work-related injuries among surgeons, she was surprised at the dearth of published research. It’s no wonder then, said Dr. Catanzarite and other panel members, that most surgeons learn proper work posture on the fly and may or may not be using the most efficient and mechanically sound instrumentation angles when performing surgery.
 

Dr. Catanzarite, a female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery fellow at the University of California, San Diego, has just published a literature review on surgeon ergonomics. But reading about how to stand, how to hold instruments, and even how to sit at a robotic surgical console is no match for having an observer on the ground guiding and reinforcing work posture, she said. Unfortunately, that’s an unrealistic expectation for most surgeons, so Dr. Catanzarite is borrowing video-gaming technology to address the situation, she said in an interview.

She has adapted a popular video game motion-capture system that uses an infrared laser projector and a computer sensor to capture video data in three dimensions. The sensing range of the depth sensor is adjustable, and the software is capable of automatically calibrating the sensor based on the physical environment, accommodating the presence of obstacles and using infrared and depth cameras to capture a subject’s 3-D movements. The system doesn’t require bulky wearable components, “making it an ideal technology for the live operating room setting,” Dr. Catanzarite said. “In order to effectively assess surgical ergonomics, a less intrusive approach is needed, which can deliver precise reports on the body movements of the surgeons, as well as capturing the temporal distribution of different postures and limb angles.”

Dr. Catanzarite is using the system to launch an ergonomics assessment tool she calls Ergo-Kinect. The system will record surgeons’ movements in real time, gathering data about how they stand, move, and operate their instruments.

“Three-D interactive visualizations allow us to rotate and investigate specific motor activities from the collected data,” she said. The technology enables them to capture the movements of the surgeon and assign an ergonomic score for each movement. “Eventually we may be able to develop a system that can warn surgeons in real time if they are performing an activity which may be harmful from an ergonomics standpoint,” Dr. Catanzarite said.

The research is in its earliest phase – Dr. Catanzarite has only scanned a few surgeons. But she will continue to accrue data in order to eventually construct a system that could help surgeons of the future avoid the painful, and sometimes debilitating, physical costs of their career.

Dr. Catanzarite reported having no financial disclosures.
 

[email protected]

On Twitter @alz_gal

Older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) tend to overestimate not only the risks of treatment, but also their likelihood of cure, according to the results of a 100-patient longitudinal study presented at the Palliative and Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium.

Compared with what their oncologists thought, patients were significantly more likely to believe they would die from treatment, said senior study author Areej El-Jawahri, MD, of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.

Yet when surveyed again 1 month later, they were significantly more likely to overestimate the chances of being cured, versus the chances of cure given by their oncologists.

“We really need interventions to facilitate communication and ensure accurate prognostic understanding in this patient population, where understanding the treatment risk and prognosis can have a significant effect on their treatment choices and treatment decisions,” Dr. El-Jawahri said in a press conference from the symposium, which was cosponsored by AAHPM, ASCO, ASTRO, and MASCC.

Patients were first surveyed within 72 hours of starting chemotherapy.

At that point, 91% of patients said it was somewhat likely (63%) or extremely likely (28%) they would die as a result of their treatment, but among their oncologists, only 22% said death due to treatment was somewhat likely, and none thought it was very likely, according to the presented data.

A much different picture emerged 1 month later, when 90% of patients said they were somewhat or very likely to be cured of their leukemia, while only 26% of physicians said it was somewhat likely for the patient to be cured.

For both the question on treatment risk and the question on cure potential, the differences between patient responses and physician responses was significant (P less than .001), according to Dr. El-Jawahri.

Of note, half of the patients (n = 50) received intensive chemotherapy, while the other half received nonintensive (that is, palliative) chemotherapy. Patients receiving palliative therapy were even more likely to overestimate their chances of cure, Dr. El-Jawahi said.

This study highlights how stress and anxiety might shape a patient’s perception of treatment and prognosis, and provides new evidence that “accurate knowledge” can lead to “efficiencies on both sides of this [doctor-patient] interface,” said Andrew S. Epstein, MD, of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York.

A shared understanding of prognosis and treatment risk between clinician and patient is “crucial in informed consent” and can help patients make better-informed decisions with their doctor, said Dr. Epstein, who was not involved with the study.

This study was funded by a grant from the National Cancer Institute. Dr. El-Jawahri, the senior author, reported no relevant financial disclosures.

Older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) tend to overestimate not only the risks of treatment, but also their likelihood of cure, according to the results of a 100-patient longitudinal study presented at the Palliative and Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium.

Compared with what their oncologists thought, patients were significantly more likely to believe they would die from treatment, said senior study author Areej El-Jawahri, MD, of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.

Yet when surveyed again 1 month later, they were significantly more likely to overestimate the chances of being cured, versus the chances of cure given by their oncologists.

“We really need interventions to facilitate communication and ensure accurate prognostic understanding in this patient population, where understanding the treatment risk and prognosis can have a significant effect on their treatment choices and treatment decisions,” Dr. El-Jawahri said in a press conference from the symposium, which was cosponsored by AAHPM, ASCO, ASTRO, and MASCC.

Patients were first surveyed within 72 hours of starting chemotherapy.

At that point, 91% of patients said it was somewhat likely (63%) or extremely likely (28%) they would die as a result of their treatment, but among their oncologists, only 22% said death due to treatment was somewhat likely, and none thought it was very likely, according to the presented data.

A much different picture emerged 1 month later, when 90% of patients said they were somewhat or very likely to be cured of their leukemia, while only 26% of physicians said it was somewhat likely for the patient to be cured.

For both the question on treatment risk and the question on cure potential, the differences between patient responses and physician responses was significant (P less than .001), according to Dr. El-Jawahri.

Of note, half of the patients (n = 50) received intensive chemotherapy, while the other half received nonintensive (that is, palliative) chemotherapy. Patients receiving palliative therapy were even more likely to overestimate their chances of cure, Dr. El-Jawahi said.

This study highlights how stress and anxiety might shape a patient’s perception of treatment and prognosis, and provides new evidence that “accurate knowledge” can lead to “efficiencies on both sides of this [doctor-patient] interface,” said Andrew S. Epstein, MD, of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York.

A shared understanding of prognosis and treatment risk between clinician and patient is “crucial in informed consent” and can help patients make better-informed decisions with their doctor, said Dr. Epstein, who was not involved with the study.

This study was funded by a grant from the National Cancer Institute. Dr. El-Jawahri, the senior author, reported no relevant financial disclosures.

Older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) tend to overestimate not only the risks of treatment, but also their likelihood of cure, according to the results of a 100-patient longitudinal study presented at the Palliative and Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium.

Compared with what their oncologists thought, patients were significantly more likely to believe they would die from treatment, said senior study author Areej El-Jawahri, MD, of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.

Yet when surveyed again 1 month later, they were significantly more likely to overestimate the chances of being cured, versus the chances of cure given by their oncologists.

“We really need interventions to facilitate communication and ensure accurate prognostic understanding in this patient population, where understanding the treatment risk and prognosis can have a significant effect on their treatment choices and treatment decisions,” Dr. El-Jawahri said in a press conference from the symposium, which was cosponsored by AAHPM, ASCO, ASTRO, and MASCC.

Patients were first surveyed within 72 hours of starting chemotherapy.

At that point, 91% of patients said it was somewhat likely (63%) or extremely likely (28%) they would die as a result of their treatment, but among their oncologists, only 22% said death due to treatment was somewhat likely, and none thought it was very likely, according to the presented data.

A much different picture emerged 1 month later, when 90% of patients said they were somewhat or very likely to be cured of their leukemia, while only 26% of physicians said it was somewhat likely for the patient to be cured.

For both the question on treatment risk and the question on cure potential, the differences between patient responses and physician responses was significant (P less than .001), according to Dr. El-Jawahri.

Of note, half of the patients (n = 50) received intensive chemotherapy, while the other half received nonintensive (that is, palliative) chemotherapy. Patients receiving palliative therapy were even more likely to overestimate their chances of cure, Dr. El-Jawahi said.

This study highlights how stress and anxiety might shape a patient’s perception of treatment and prognosis, and provides new evidence that “accurate knowledge” can lead to “efficiencies on both sides of this [doctor-patient] interface,” said Andrew S. Epstein, MD, of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York.

A shared understanding of prognosis and treatment risk between clinician and patient is “crucial in informed consent” and can help patients make better-informed decisions with their doctor, said Dr. Epstein, who was not involved with the study.

This study was funded by a grant from the National Cancer Institute. Dr. El-Jawahri, the senior author, reported no relevant financial disclosures.

SAN DIEGO – It’s still too early to assess the impact of new guidelines for blood donation by men who have had sex with men, Brian S. Custer, PhD, MPH, of Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, said at the annual meeting of the American Association of Blood Banks.

In 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration lifted its lifetime ban on blood donations by men who have sex with men (MSM) and changed it to a 1-year deferral policy. Based on this new guidance, many U.S. blood centers moved from an indefinite deferral for any man who reported having had sex with a man since 1977 to a 1-year deferral from last sexual contact with a man.

blueskyline/Thinkstock

SAN DIEGO – It’s still too early to assess the impact of new guidelines for blood donation by men who have had sex with men, Brian S. Custer, PhD, MPH, of Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, said at the annual meeting of the American Association of Blood Banks.

In 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration lifted its lifetime ban on blood donations by men who have sex with men (MSM) and changed it to a 1-year deferral policy. Based on this new guidance, many U.S. blood centers moved from an indefinite deferral for any man who reported having had sex with a man since 1977 to a 1-year deferral from last sexual contact with a man.

blueskyline/Thinkstock

SAN DIEGO – It’s still too early to assess the impact of new guidelines for blood donation by men who have had sex with men, Brian S. Custer, PhD, MPH, of Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, said at the annual meeting of the American Association of Blood Banks.

In 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration lifted its lifetime ban on blood donations by men who have sex with men (MSM) and changed it to a 1-year deferral policy. Based on this new guidance, many U.S. blood centers moved from an indefinite deferral for any man who reported having had sex with a man since 1977 to a 1-year deferral from last sexual contact with a man.

blueskyline/Thinkstock