Key clinical point: Abrocitinib treatment over 12 weeks significantly decreased the cutaneous expression of selected genes involved in inflammation, epidermal hyperplasia, and T-helper (Th) 2 and Th22 immune responses in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: Compared with placebo, 12-week abrocitinib treatment led to a dose-dependent reduction in the cutaneous expression of genes involved in inflammation (MMP-12), epidermal hyperplasia (KRT16), Th2 (CCL17 and CCL18), and Th22 (S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12) responses (all P < .05).

Study details: Findings are from the phase 2a JADE MOA trial including patients with moderate-to-severe AD who were randomly assigned to receive 100 mg (n = 16) or 200 mg (n = 14) abrocitinib monotherapy or placebo (n = 16) daily for 12 weeks.

Disclosures: This study was sponsored by Pfizer Inc. Several authors declared being on the advisory board of; serving as consultants, advisors, or speakers for; or receiving honoraria or grants from Pfizer or others. Seven authors declared being current or former employees and shareholders of Pfizer.

Source: Guttman-Yassky E et al. Effect of abrocitinib on skin biomarkers in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Allergy. 2023 (Dec 18). doi: 10.1111/all.15969

Key clinical point: Abrocitinib treatment over 12 weeks significantly decreased the cutaneous expression of selected genes involved in inflammation, epidermal hyperplasia, and T-helper (Th) 2 and Th22 immune responses in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: Compared with placebo, 12-week abrocitinib treatment led to a dose-dependent reduction in the cutaneous expression of genes involved in inflammation (MMP-12), epidermal hyperplasia (KRT16), Th2 (CCL17 and CCL18), and Th22 (S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12) responses (all P < .05).

Study details: Findings are from the phase 2a JADE MOA trial including patients with moderate-to-severe AD who were randomly assigned to receive 100 mg (n = 16) or 200 mg (n = 14) abrocitinib monotherapy or placebo (n = 16) daily for 12 weeks.

Disclosures: This study was sponsored by Pfizer Inc. Several authors declared being on the advisory board of; serving as consultants, advisors, or speakers for; or receiving honoraria or grants from Pfizer or others. Seven authors declared being current or former employees and shareholders of Pfizer.

Source: Guttman-Yassky E et al. Effect of abrocitinib on skin biomarkers in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Allergy. 2023 (Dec 18). doi: 10.1111/all.15969

Key clinical point: Abrocitinib treatment over 12 weeks significantly decreased the cutaneous expression of selected genes involved in inflammation, epidermal hyperplasia, and T-helper (Th) 2 and Th22 immune responses in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: Compared with placebo, 12-week abrocitinib treatment led to a dose-dependent reduction in the cutaneous expression of genes involved in inflammation (MMP-12), epidermal hyperplasia (KRT16), Th2 (CCL17 and CCL18), and Th22 (S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12) responses (all P < .05).

Study details: Findings are from the phase 2a JADE MOA trial including patients with moderate-to-severe AD who were randomly assigned to receive 100 mg (n = 16) or 200 mg (n = 14) abrocitinib monotherapy or placebo (n = 16) daily for 12 weeks.

Disclosures: This study was sponsored by Pfizer Inc. Several authors declared being on the advisory board of; serving as consultants, advisors, or speakers for; or receiving honoraria or grants from Pfizer or others. Seven authors declared being current or former employees and shareholders of Pfizer.

Source: Guttman-Yassky E et al. Effect of abrocitinib on skin biomarkers in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Allergy. 2023 (Dec 18). doi: 10.1111/all.15969

Key clinical point: Abrocitinib as monotherapy or in combination with topical therapy improves skin pain in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: Abrocitinib vs placebo led to a significantly greater dose-dependent least squares mean change in Pruritus and Symptoms Assessment for AD (PSAAD) skin pain score from baseline to as early as week 1 that were sustained through week 12 or 16 (nominal P < .05). A greater proportion of patients achieved a stringent threshold of skin pain improvement (PSAAD skin pain score < 2) with abrocitinib vs placebo (nominal P < .05).

Study details: This post hoc analysis of five phase 2/3 trials included 1822 patients with moderate-to-severe AD (age ≥ 12 years) treated with 100 mg or 200 mg abrocitinib as monotherapy or in combination with topical therapy or placebo for 12 or 16 weeks.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Pfizer Inc., USA. Six authors declared being employees and stockholders of Pfizer. The other authors declared receiving research or travel grants or having other ties with various sources, including Pfizer.

Source: Thyssen JP et al. Abrocitinib provides rapid and sustained improvement in skin pain and is associated with improved quality of life outcomes in adult and adolescent patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Dermatology. 2023 (Dec 11). doi: 10.1159/000535285

Key clinical point: Abrocitinib as monotherapy or in combination with topical therapy improves skin pain in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: Abrocitinib vs placebo led to a significantly greater dose-dependent least squares mean change in Pruritus and Symptoms Assessment for AD (PSAAD) skin pain score from baseline to as early as week 1 that were sustained through week 12 or 16 (nominal P < .05). A greater proportion of patients achieved a stringent threshold of skin pain improvement (PSAAD skin pain score < 2) with abrocitinib vs placebo (nominal P < .05).

Study details: This post hoc analysis of five phase 2/3 trials included 1822 patients with moderate-to-severe AD (age ≥ 12 years) treated with 100 mg or 200 mg abrocitinib as monotherapy or in combination with topical therapy or placebo for 12 or 16 weeks.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Pfizer Inc., USA. Six authors declared being employees and stockholders of Pfizer. The other authors declared receiving research or travel grants or having other ties with various sources, including Pfizer.

Source: Thyssen JP et al. Abrocitinib provides rapid and sustained improvement in skin pain and is associated with improved quality of life outcomes in adult and adolescent patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Dermatology. 2023 (Dec 11). doi: 10.1159/000535285

Key clinical point: Abrocitinib as monotherapy or in combination with topical therapy improves skin pain in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: Abrocitinib vs placebo led to a significantly greater dose-dependent least squares mean change in Pruritus and Symptoms Assessment for AD (PSAAD) skin pain score from baseline to as early as week 1 that were sustained through week 12 or 16 (nominal P < .05). A greater proportion of patients achieved a stringent threshold of skin pain improvement (PSAAD skin pain score < 2) with abrocitinib vs placebo (nominal P < .05).

Study details: This post hoc analysis of five phase 2/3 trials included 1822 patients with moderate-to-severe AD (age ≥ 12 years) treated with 100 mg or 200 mg abrocitinib as monotherapy or in combination with topical therapy or placebo for 12 or 16 weeks.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Pfizer Inc., USA. Six authors declared being employees and stockholders of Pfizer. The other authors declared receiving research or travel grants or having other ties with various sources, including Pfizer.

Source: Thyssen JP et al. Abrocitinib provides rapid and sustained improvement in skin pain and is associated with improved quality of life outcomes in adult and adolescent patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Dermatology. 2023 (Dec 11). doi: 10.1159/000535285

Key clinical point: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an important comorbidity in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and leads to the maintenance and aggravation of their dermatosis, with a high frequency of ACD observed to textile dyes, isothiazolinones, and fragrances.

Major finding: Contact sensitization was significantly associated with facial involvement (P = .04) and a longer duration of AD (P = .005). The most frequent allergen was textile dye mix (24.70%) followed by nickel (20.21%), cobalt (12.70%), and methylchlorisothiazolinone+methylisothiazolinone (8.50%). The avoidance of relevant allergens led to a significant reduction in the Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) scores at 6 months (P < .001).

Study details: This longitudinal prospective study included 93 patients with AD (age > 2 years) who were patch-tested with the 2019 European baseline series and the corticosteroid series, 60.2% of whom had positive patch test results.

Disclosures: This study did not disclose any funding source. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Trimeche K et al. Contact allergy in atopic dermatitis: A prospective study on prevalence, incriminated allergens and clinical insights. Contact Dermatitis. 2023 (Dec 27). doi: 10.1111/cod.14494

Key clinical point: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an important comorbidity in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and leads to the maintenance and aggravation of their dermatosis, with a high frequency of ACD observed to textile dyes, isothiazolinones, and fragrances.

Major finding: Contact sensitization was significantly associated with facial involvement (P = .04) and a longer duration of AD (P = .005). The most frequent allergen was textile dye mix (24.70%) followed by nickel (20.21%), cobalt (12.70%), and methylchlorisothiazolinone+methylisothiazolinone (8.50%). The avoidance of relevant allergens led to a significant reduction in the Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) scores at 6 months (P < .001).

Study details: This longitudinal prospective study included 93 patients with AD (age > 2 years) who were patch-tested with the 2019 European baseline series and the corticosteroid series, 60.2% of whom had positive patch test results.

Disclosures: This study did not disclose any funding source. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Trimeche K et al. Contact allergy in atopic dermatitis: A prospective study on prevalence, incriminated allergens and clinical insights. Contact Dermatitis. 2023 (Dec 27). doi: 10.1111/cod.14494

Key clinical point: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an important comorbidity in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and leads to the maintenance and aggravation of their dermatosis, with a high frequency of ACD observed to textile dyes, isothiazolinones, and fragrances.

Major finding: Contact sensitization was significantly associated with facial involvement (P = .04) and a longer duration of AD (P = .005). The most frequent allergen was textile dye mix (24.70%) followed by nickel (20.21%), cobalt (12.70%), and methylchlorisothiazolinone+methylisothiazolinone (8.50%). The avoidance of relevant allergens led to a significant reduction in the Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) scores at 6 months (P < .001).

Study details: This longitudinal prospective study included 93 patients with AD (age > 2 years) who were patch-tested with the 2019 European baseline series and the corticosteroid series, 60.2% of whom had positive patch test results.

Disclosures: This study did not disclose any funding source. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Trimeche K et al. Contact allergy in atopic dermatitis: A prospective study on prevalence, incriminated allergens and clinical insights. Contact Dermatitis. 2023 (Dec 27). doi: 10.1111/cod.14494

Key clinical point: The overall improvement in skin clearance and itch reduction suggested a preference for 30 mg upadacitinib over dupilumab and that for 15 mg or 30 mg upadacitinib over placebo in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: At week 24, the aggregate response benefit for skin clearance and itch, respectively, was 32.5% and 25.8% higher with 30 mg upadacitinib vs dupilumab. The benefit favored upadacitinib over dupilumab as early as week 4. Moreover, 15 and 30 mg upadacitinib showed similar benefits over placebo.

Study details: This post hoc analysis of the data from phase 3 studies (Heads Up, Measure Up 1, and Measure Up 2) included 2356 patients with moderate-to-severe AD who received upadacitinib, dupilumab, or placebo.

Disclosures: This study was sponsored by AbbVie. Five authors declared being employees of or owning stock or stock options in AbbVie. Several authors declared being consultants, speakers, or advisors of or having other ties with various sources, including AbbVie.

Source: Silverberg JI et al. Aggregate response benefit in skin clearance and itch reduction with upadacitinib or dupilumab in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Dermatitis. 2023 (Dec 18). doi: 10.1089/derm.2023.0153

Key clinical point: The overall improvement in skin clearance and itch reduction suggested a preference for 30 mg upadacitinib over dupilumab and that for 15 mg or 30 mg upadacitinib over placebo in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: At week 24, the aggregate response benefit for skin clearance and itch, respectively, was 32.5% and 25.8% higher with 30 mg upadacitinib vs dupilumab. The benefit favored upadacitinib over dupilumab as early as week 4. Moreover, 15 and 30 mg upadacitinib showed similar benefits over placebo.

Study details: This post hoc analysis of the data from phase 3 studies (Heads Up, Measure Up 1, and Measure Up 2) included 2356 patients with moderate-to-severe AD who received upadacitinib, dupilumab, or placebo.

Disclosures: This study was sponsored by AbbVie. Five authors declared being employees of or owning stock or stock options in AbbVie. Several authors declared being consultants, speakers, or advisors of or having other ties with various sources, including AbbVie.

Source: Silverberg JI et al. Aggregate response benefit in skin clearance and itch reduction with upadacitinib or dupilumab in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Dermatitis. 2023 (Dec 18). doi: 10.1089/derm.2023.0153

Key clinical point: The overall improvement in skin clearance and itch reduction suggested a preference for 30 mg upadacitinib over dupilumab and that for 15 mg or 30 mg upadacitinib over placebo in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: At week 24, the aggregate response benefit for skin clearance and itch, respectively, was 32.5% and 25.8% higher with 30 mg upadacitinib vs dupilumab. The benefit favored upadacitinib over dupilumab as early as week 4. Moreover, 15 and 30 mg upadacitinib showed similar benefits over placebo.

Study details: This post hoc analysis of the data from phase 3 studies (Heads Up, Measure Up 1, and Measure Up 2) included 2356 patients with moderate-to-severe AD who received upadacitinib, dupilumab, or placebo.

Disclosures: This study was sponsored by AbbVie. Five authors declared being employees of or owning stock or stock options in AbbVie. Several authors declared being consultants, speakers, or advisors of or having other ties with various sources, including AbbVie.

Source: Silverberg JI et al. Aggregate response benefit in skin clearance and itch reduction with upadacitinib or dupilumab in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Dermatitis. 2023 (Dec 18). doi: 10.1089/derm.2023.0153

Key clinical point: Rademikibart administered at 2-week (Q2W) and 4-week (Q4W) intervals was well-tolerated and effective in improving the overall symptoms in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: At week 16, the least squares mean percent reductions in the Eczema Area Severity Index scores with 300 mg Q2W (−63.0%; P = .0007), 150 mg Q2W (−57.6%; P = .0067), and 300 mg Q4W (−63.5%; P = .0004) rademikibart were significantly higher than that with placebo (−39.7%). Treatment-emergent adverse event rates were similar with rademikibart (48.2%) and placebo (53.6%).

Study details: This phase 2 trial included 226 anti-interleukin (IL)-4Ra/IL-13 treatment-naive adults with moderate-to-severe AD who were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1) to receive rademikibart (300 mg Q2W, 150 mg Q2W, or 300 mg Q4W) or placebo for 16 weeks following a 600 mg loading dose of rademikibart or placebo, respectively, on day 1.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Connect Biopharma. Ten authors declared being employees or shareholders of Connect Biopharma. The other authors declared being consultants of or having other ties with various sources, including Connect Biopharma.

Source: Silverberg JI et al. Efficacy and safety of rademikibart (CBP-201), a next-generation monoclonal antibody targeting IL-4Rα, in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: A phase 2 randomized trial (CBP-201-WW001). J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2023 (Dec 27). doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.11.924

Key clinical point: Rademikibart administered at 2-week (Q2W) and 4-week (Q4W) intervals was well-tolerated and effective in improving the overall symptoms in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: At week 16, the least squares mean percent reductions in the Eczema Area Severity Index scores with 300 mg Q2W (−63.0%; P = .0007), 150 mg Q2W (−57.6%; P = .0067), and 300 mg Q4W (−63.5%; P = .0004) rademikibart were significantly higher than that with placebo (−39.7%). Treatment-emergent adverse event rates were similar with rademikibart (48.2%) and placebo (53.6%).

Study details: This phase 2 trial included 226 anti-interleukin (IL)-4Ra/IL-13 treatment-naive adults with moderate-to-severe AD who were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1) to receive rademikibart (300 mg Q2W, 150 mg Q2W, or 300 mg Q4W) or placebo for 16 weeks following a 600 mg loading dose of rademikibart or placebo, respectively, on day 1.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Connect Biopharma. Ten authors declared being employees or shareholders of Connect Biopharma. The other authors declared being consultants of or having other ties with various sources, including Connect Biopharma.

Source: Silverberg JI et al. Efficacy and safety of rademikibart (CBP-201), a next-generation monoclonal antibody targeting IL-4Rα, in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: A phase 2 randomized trial (CBP-201-WW001). J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2023 (Dec 27). doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.11.924

Key clinical point: Rademikibart administered at 2-week (Q2W) and 4-week (Q4W) intervals was well-tolerated and effective in improving the overall symptoms in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: At week 16, the least squares mean percent reductions in the Eczema Area Severity Index scores with 300 mg Q2W (−63.0%; P = .0007), 150 mg Q2W (−57.6%; P = .0067), and 300 mg Q4W (−63.5%; P = .0004) rademikibart were significantly higher than that with placebo (−39.7%). Treatment-emergent adverse event rates were similar with rademikibart (48.2%) and placebo (53.6%).

Study details: This phase 2 trial included 226 anti-interleukin (IL)-4Ra/IL-13 treatment-naive adults with moderate-to-severe AD who were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1) to receive rademikibart (300 mg Q2W, 150 mg Q2W, or 300 mg Q4W) or placebo for 16 weeks following a 600 mg loading dose of rademikibart or placebo, respectively, on day 1.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Connect Biopharma. Ten authors declared being employees or shareholders of Connect Biopharma. The other authors declared being consultants of or having other ties with various sources, including Connect Biopharma.

Source: Silverberg JI et al. Efficacy and safety of rademikibart (CBP-201), a next-generation monoclonal antibody targeting IL-4Rα, in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: A phase 2 randomized trial (CBP-201-WW001). J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2023 (Dec 27). doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.11.924

Key clinical point: Dupilumab led to a rapid improvement in disease control that was sustained through 2 years and showed an acceptable safety profile in adult and adolescent patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: Dupilumab led to an improvement in the mean Eczema Area and Severity Index score at 3 months (5.5) and 24 months (2.6) compared with baseline (16.1), with a mean absolute change from baseline to 24 months being −14.0. No new safety signals were observed.

Study details: Findings are from a 2-year interim analysis of real-world data from the PROSE registry study including 764 patients with moderate-to-severe AD (age ≥ 12 years) who initiated dupilumab.

Disclosures: The PROSE registry is sponsored by Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. Three authors declared being employees of or holding stock or stock options in Sanofi or Regeneron. The other authors declared serving as consultants, investigators, or advisory board members for or receiving speaker or investigator fees from Sanofi, Regeneron, and others.

Source: Simpson EL et al. Real-world effectiveness of dupilumab in adult and adolescent patients with atopic dermatitis: 2-year Interim data from the PROSE registry. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2024 (Jan 4). doi: 10.1007/s13555-023-01061-4

Key clinical point: Dupilumab led to a rapid improvement in disease control that was sustained through 2 years and showed an acceptable safety profile in adult and adolescent patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: Dupilumab led to an improvement in the mean Eczema Area and Severity Index score at 3 months (5.5) and 24 months (2.6) compared with baseline (16.1), with a mean absolute change from baseline to 24 months being −14.0. No new safety signals were observed.

Study details: Findings are from a 2-year interim analysis of real-world data from the PROSE registry study including 764 patients with moderate-to-severe AD (age ≥ 12 years) who initiated dupilumab.

Disclosures: The PROSE registry is sponsored by Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. Three authors declared being employees of or holding stock or stock options in Sanofi or Regeneron. The other authors declared serving as consultants, investigators, or advisory board members for or receiving speaker or investigator fees from Sanofi, Regeneron, and others.

Source: Simpson EL et al. Real-world effectiveness of dupilumab in adult and adolescent patients with atopic dermatitis: 2-year Interim data from the PROSE registry. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2024 (Jan 4). doi: 10.1007/s13555-023-01061-4

Key clinical point: Dupilumab led to a rapid improvement in disease control that was sustained through 2 years and showed an acceptable safety profile in adult and adolescent patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Major finding: Dupilumab led to an improvement in the mean Eczema Area and Severity Index score at 3 months (5.5) and 24 months (2.6) compared with baseline (16.1), with a mean absolute change from baseline to 24 months being −14.0. No new safety signals were observed.

Study details: Findings are from a 2-year interim analysis of real-world data from the PROSE registry study including 764 patients with moderate-to-severe AD (age ≥ 12 years) who initiated dupilumab.

Disclosures: The PROSE registry is sponsored by Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. Three authors declared being employees of or holding stock or stock options in Sanofi or Regeneron. The other authors declared serving as consultants, investigators, or advisory board members for or receiving speaker or investigator fees from Sanofi, Regeneron, and others.

Source: Simpson EL et al. Real-world effectiveness of dupilumab in adult and adolescent patients with atopic dermatitis: 2-year Interim data from the PROSE registry. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2024 (Jan 4). doi: 10.1007/s13555-023-01061-4

Key clinical point: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with a lower risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) than several rheumatologic and gastrointestinal immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID).

Major finding: Patients with AD vs AD-matched control individuals did not have a higher risk for VTE (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.96; 95% CI 0.90-1.02). Compared with patients having AD, those with Crohn’s disease (aHR 1.71; 95% CI 1.47-1.99), rheumatoid arthritis (aHR 1.57; 95% CI 1.43-1.72), ulcerative colitis (aHR 1.84; 95% CI 1.63-2.09), and ankylosing spondylitis (aHR 1.45; 95% CI 1.03-2.03) had higher risks for VTE.

Study details: This retrospective observational cohort study analyzed 2,061,222 adult patients with IMID, including 1,098,633 patients with AD who were matched with 1,098,633 control individuals without IMID.

Disclosures: This study was funded by AbbVie Inc. JF Merola declared being a consultant or investigator for AbbVie and others. The other authors declared being current or former employees of or owning stocks or stock options in AbbVie.

Source: Merola JF et al. Venous thromboembolism risk is lower in patients with atopic dermatitis than other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A retrospective, observational, comparative cohort study using US claims data. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 (Dec 23). doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.12.027

Key clinical point: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with a lower risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) than several rheumatologic and gastrointestinal immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID).

Major finding: Patients with AD vs AD-matched control individuals did not have a higher risk for VTE (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.96; 95% CI 0.90-1.02). Compared with patients having AD, those with Crohn’s disease (aHR 1.71; 95% CI 1.47-1.99), rheumatoid arthritis (aHR 1.57; 95% CI 1.43-1.72), ulcerative colitis (aHR 1.84; 95% CI 1.63-2.09), and ankylosing spondylitis (aHR 1.45; 95% CI 1.03-2.03) had higher risks for VTE.

Study details: This retrospective observational cohort study analyzed 2,061,222 adult patients with IMID, including 1,098,633 patients with AD who were matched with 1,098,633 control individuals without IMID.

Disclosures: This study was funded by AbbVie Inc. JF Merola declared being a consultant or investigator for AbbVie and others. The other authors declared being current or former employees of or owning stocks or stock options in AbbVie.

Source: Merola JF et al. Venous thromboembolism risk is lower in patients with atopic dermatitis than other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A retrospective, observational, comparative cohort study using US claims data. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 (Dec 23). doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.12.027

Key clinical point: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with a lower risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) than several rheumatologic and gastrointestinal immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID).

Major finding: Patients with AD vs AD-matched control individuals did not have a higher risk for VTE (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.96; 95% CI 0.90-1.02). Compared with patients having AD, those with Crohn’s disease (aHR 1.71; 95% CI 1.47-1.99), rheumatoid arthritis (aHR 1.57; 95% CI 1.43-1.72), ulcerative colitis (aHR 1.84; 95% CI 1.63-2.09), and ankylosing spondylitis (aHR 1.45; 95% CI 1.03-2.03) had higher risks for VTE.

Study details: This retrospective observational cohort study analyzed 2,061,222 adult patients with IMID, including 1,098,633 patients with AD who were matched with 1,098,633 control individuals without IMID.

Disclosures: This study was funded by AbbVie Inc. JF Merola declared being a consultant or investigator for AbbVie and others. The other authors declared being current or former employees of or owning stocks or stock options in AbbVie.

Source: Merola JF et al. Venous thromboembolism risk is lower in patients with atopic dermatitis than other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A retrospective, observational, comparative cohort study using US claims data. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 (Dec 23). doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.12.027

Key clinical point: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with a lower risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) than several rheumatologic and gastrointestinal immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID).

Major finding: Patients with AD vs AD-matched control individuals did not have a higher risk for VTE (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.96; 95% CI 0.90-1.02). Compared with patients having AD, those with Crohn’s disease (aHR 1.71; 95% CI 1.47-1.99), rheumatoid arthritis (aHR 1.57; 95% CI 1.43-1.72), ulcerative colitis (aHR 1.84; 95% CI 1.63-2.09), and ankylosing spondylitis (aHR 1.45; 95% CI 1.03-2.03) had higher risks for VTE.

Study details: This retrospective observational cohort study analyzed 2,061,222 adult patients with IMID, including 1,098,633 patients with AD who were matched with 1,098,633 control individuals without IMID.

Disclosures: This study was funded by AbbVie Inc. JF Merola declared being a consultant or investigator for AbbVie and others. The other authors declared being current or former employees of or owning stocks or stock options in AbbVie.

Source: Merola JF et al. Venous thromboembolism risk is lower in patients with atopic dermatitis than other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A retrospective, observational, comparative cohort study using US claims data. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 (Dec 23). doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.12.027

Key clinical point: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with a lower risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) than several rheumatologic and gastrointestinal immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID).

Major finding: Patients with AD vs AD-matched control individuals did not have a higher risk for VTE (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.96; 95% CI 0.90-1.02). Compared with patients having AD, those with Crohn’s disease (aHR 1.71; 95% CI 1.47-1.99), rheumatoid arthritis (aHR 1.57; 95% CI 1.43-1.72), ulcerative colitis (aHR 1.84; 95% CI 1.63-2.09), and ankylosing spondylitis (aHR 1.45; 95% CI 1.03-2.03) had higher risks for VTE.

Study details: This retrospective observational cohort study analyzed 2,061,222 adult patients with IMID, including 1,098,633 patients with AD who were matched with 1,098,633 control individuals without IMID.

Disclosures: This study was funded by AbbVie Inc. JF Merola declared being a consultant or investigator for AbbVie and others. The other authors declared being current or former employees of or owning stocks or stock options in AbbVie.

Source: Merola JF et al. Venous thromboembolism risk is lower in patients with atopic dermatitis than other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A retrospective, observational, comparative cohort study using US claims data. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 (Dec 23). doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.12.027

Key clinical point: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with a lower risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) than several rheumatologic and gastrointestinal immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID).

Major finding: Patients with AD vs AD-matched control individuals did not have a higher risk for VTE (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.96; 95% CI 0.90-1.02). Compared with patients having AD, those with Crohn’s disease (aHR 1.71; 95% CI 1.47-1.99), rheumatoid arthritis (aHR 1.57; 95% CI 1.43-1.72), ulcerative colitis (aHR 1.84; 95% CI 1.63-2.09), and ankylosing spondylitis (aHR 1.45; 95% CI 1.03-2.03) had higher risks for VTE.

Study details: This retrospective observational cohort study analyzed 2,061,222 adult patients with IMID, including 1,098,633 patients with AD who were matched with 1,098,633 control individuals without IMID.

Disclosures: This study was funded by AbbVie Inc. JF Merola declared being a consultant or investigator for AbbVie and others. The other authors declared being current or former employees of or owning stocks or stock options in AbbVie.

Source: Merola JF et al. Venous thromboembolism risk is lower in patients with atopic dermatitis than other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A retrospective, observational, comparative cohort study using US claims data. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 (Dec 23). doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.12.027

Can asthma symptoms be monitored reliably at home? Until now, the answer would have been yes, but not in preschool-age patients. Recent findings in Annals of Family Medicine suggest that this limitation can be overcome with the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI). The use of an AI-assisted stethoscope can generate reliable data, even in young children, thus providing caregivers with information about asthma exacerbations.

Objectivity Challenge

A timely diagnosis of asthma exacerbations, which is crucial for proper disease management, requires effective home monitoring. While some lung function parameters, like peak expiratory flow (PEF), can be measured by patients at home, tools for this purpose are not designed for very young children.

“To achieve effective asthma management, patients should be given the necessary tools to allow them to recognize and respond to worsening asthma,” wrote the study authors. Despite the Global Initiative for Asthma identifying respiratory sounds as a fundamental parameter for exacerbation recognition, these are almost exclusively evaluated during doctor visits. Recognizing respiratory sounds and judging whether there has been a change can be challenging for those outside the medical profession.

To enhance home monitoring, researchers from the Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Rheumatology at the University of Lublin, Poland, experimented with the StethoMe stethoscope, which enables the recognition of pathologic signs, including continuous and transient noises. This AI-assisted stethoscope, trained on over 10,000 respiratory sound recordings, is certified as a Class IIa medical device in Europe.
 

The ‘Smart’ Stethoscope

The 6-month study enlisted 149 patients with asthma (90 children and 59 adults). Participants self-monitored (but parents or caregivers managed for children) once daily in the first 2 weeks and at least once weekly thereafter using three tools. The first was the StethoMe stethoscope, which was used for detecting respiratory sounds, respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), and inspiration/expiration ratio (I/E). Patients were provided a “map” of chest points at which to position the stethoscope. The second was a pulse oximeter, which was used to measure oxygen saturation. The third was a peak flow meter for quantifying PEF. Simultaneously, a health questionnaire was completed.

Data from 6029 completed self-monitoring sessions were used to determine the most effective parameter for exacerbation recognition, quantified by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The researchers concluded that the parameter with the best performance was wheeze intensity in young children (AUC 84%, 95% CI, 82%-85%), wheeze intensity in older children (AUC, 81%; 95% CI, 79%-84%), and questionnaire response for adults (AUC, 92%; 95% CI, 89%-95%). Combining multiple parameters increased effectiveness.

“The present results clearly show that a set of parameters (wheezes, rhonchi, coarse and fine crackles, HR, RR, and I/E) measured by a device such as an AI-aided home stethoscope allows for the detection of exacerbations without the need for performing PEF measurements, which can be equivocal,” the study authors concluded. “In addition, in the case of younger children (age, < 5 years), when introduced on a large scale, the analyzed home stethoscope appears to be a promising tool that might make asthma diagnosis more straightforward and substantially facilitate asthma monitoring.”

A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com. This article was translated from Univadis Italy, which is part of the Medscape professional network.

Can asthma symptoms be monitored reliably at home? Until now, the answer would have been yes, but not in preschool-age patients. Recent findings in Annals of Family Medicine suggest that this limitation can be overcome with the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI). The use of an AI-assisted stethoscope can generate reliable data, even in young children, thus providing caregivers with information about asthma exacerbations.

Objectivity Challenge

A timely diagnosis of asthma exacerbations, which is crucial for proper disease management, requires effective home monitoring. While some lung function parameters, like peak expiratory flow (PEF), can be measured by patients at home, tools for this purpose are not designed for very young children.

“To achieve effective asthma management, patients should be given the necessary tools to allow them to recognize and respond to worsening asthma,” wrote the study authors. Despite the Global Initiative for Asthma identifying respiratory sounds as a fundamental parameter for exacerbation recognition, these are almost exclusively evaluated during doctor visits. Recognizing respiratory sounds and judging whether there has been a change can be challenging for those outside the medical profession.

To enhance home monitoring, researchers from the Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Rheumatology at the University of Lublin, Poland, experimented with the StethoMe stethoscope, which enables the recognition of pathologic signs, including continuous and transient noises. This AI-assisted stethoscope, trained on over 10,000 respiratory sound recordings, is certified as a Class IIa medical device in Europe.
 

The ‘Smart’ Stethoscope

The 6-month study enlisted 149 patients with asthma (90 children and 59 adults). Participants self-monitored (but parents or caregivers managed for children) once daily in the first 2 weeks and at least once weekly thereafter using three tools. The first was the StethoMe stethoscope, which was used for detecting respiratory sounds, respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), and inspiration/expiration ratio (I/E). Patients were provided a “map” of chest points at which to position the stethoscope. The second was a pulse oximeter, which was used to measure oxygen saturation. The third was a peak flow meter for quantifying PEF. Simultaneously, a health questionnaire was completed.

Data from 6029 completed self-monitoring sessions were used to determine the most effective parameter for exacerbation recognition, quantified by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The researchers concluded that the parameter with the best performance was wheeze intensity in young children (AUC 84%, 95% CI, 82%-85%), wheeze intensity in older children (AUC, 81%; 95% CI, 79%-84%), and questionnaire response for adults (AUC, 92%; 95% CI, 89%-95%). Combining multiple parameters increased effectiveness.

“The present results clearly show that a set of parameters (wheezes, rhonchi, coarse and fine crackles, HR, RR, and I/E) measured by a device such as an AI-aided home stethoscope allows for the detection of exacerbations without the need for performing PEF measurements, which can be equivocal,” the study authors concluded. “In addition, in the case of younger children (age, < 5 years), when introduced on a large scale, the analyzed home stethoscope appears to be a promising tool that might make asthma diagnosis more straightforward and substantially facilitate asthma monitoring.”

A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com. This article was translated from Univadis Italy, which is part of the Medscape professional network.

Can asthma symptoms be monitored reliably at home? Until now, the answer would have been yes, but not in preschool-age patients. Recent findings in Annals of Family Medicine suggest that this limitation can be overcome with the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI). The use of an AI-assisted stethoscope can generate reliable data, even in young children, thus providing caregivers with information about asthma exacerbations.

Objectivity Challenge

A timely diagnosis of asthma exacerbations, which is crucial for proper disease management, requires effective home monitoring. While some lung function parameters, like peak expiratory flow (PEF), can be measured by patients at home, tools for this purpose are not designed for very young children.

“To achieve effective asthma management, patients should be given the necessary tools to allow them to recognize and respond to worsening asthma,” wrote the study authors. Despite the Global Initiative for Asthma identifying respiratory sounds as a fundamental parameter for exacerbation recognition, these are almost exclusively evaluated during doctor visits. Recognizing respiratory sounds and judging whether there has been a change can be challenging for those outside the medical profession.

To enhance home monitoring, researchers from the Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Rheumatology at the University of Lublin, Poland, experimented with the StethoMe stethoscope, which enables the recognition of pathologic signs, including continuous and transient noises. This AI-assisted stethoscope, trained on over 10,000 respiratory sound recordings, is certified as a Class IIa medical device in Europe.
 

The ‘Smart’ Stethoscope

The 6-month study enlisted 149 patients with asthma (90 children and 59 adults). Participants self-monitored (but parents or caregivers managed for children) once daily in the first 2 weeks and at least once weekly thereafter using three tools. The first was the StethoMe stethoscope, which was used for detecting respiratory sounds, respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), and inspiration/expiration ratio (I/E). Patients were provided a “map” of chest points at which to position the stethoscope. The second was a pulse oximeter, which was used to measure oxygen saturation. The third was a peak flow meter for quantifying PEF. Simultaneously, a health questionnaire was completed.

Data from 6029 completed self-monitoring sessions were used to determine the most effective parameter for exacerbation recognition, quantified by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The researchers concluded that the parameter with the best performance was wheeze intensity in young children (AUC 84%, 95% CI, 82%-85%), wheeze intensity in older children (AUC, 81%; 95% CI, 79%-84%), and questionnaire response for adults (AUC, 92%; 95% CI, 89%-95%). Combining multiple parameters increased effectiveness.

“The present results clearly show that a set of parameters (wheezes, rhonchi, coarse and fine crackles, HR, RR, and I/E) measured by a device such as an AI-aided home stethoscope allows for the detection of exacerbations without the need for performing PEF measurements, which can be equivocal,” the study authors concluded. “In addition, in the case of younger children (age, < 5 years), when introduced on a large scale, the analyzed home stethoscope appears to be a promising tool that might make asthma diagnosis more straightforward and substantially facilitate asthma monitoring.”

A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com. This article was translated from Univadis Italy, which is part of the Medscape professional network.

TOPLINE:

Among women diagnosed with rosacea, the impact of pregnancy on the disease is unpredictable.

METHODOLOGY:

• Few data beyond case reports exist about the course of rosacea during pregnancy.
• Researchers conducted a telephone survey of 39 women with a diagnosis of rosacea in the electronic medical records prior to the onset of pregnancy who had been admitted to Oregon Health & Science University for labor and delivery from June 27, 2015, to June 27, 2020.
• Patient global assessment of clear (0), mild (1), moderate (2), or severe (3) rosacea was rated across five timepoints: 1-3 months preconception; first, second, and third trimesters; and 6 weeks postpartum.

TAKEAWAY:

• The mean age of the survey participants was 35.5 years, the mean gestational age at delivery was 39.4 weeks, and most had singleton pregnancies.
• All but one study participant (97.4%) reported symptoms of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, while 26 (67%) reported symptoms of papulopustular rosacea.
• Nearly half of the participants (19, 48.7%) said their rosacea worsened during pregnancy, 13 (33.3%) reported no change in rosacea severity during pregnancy, and 7 (17.9%) reported that their rosacea improved during pregnancy.
• Before conceiving, the mean rosacea severity score among participants was mild (1.10; 95% CI, 0.92-1.29) and did not change significantly over time, a reflection of individual variations. In addition, 83.3% of participants did not use prescription rosacea treatments prior to pregnancy, and 89.6% did not use them during pregnancy.

IN PRACTICE:

“Rosacea, like acne, lacks a predictable group effect, and instead, each individual may have a different response to the physiologic changes of pregnancy,” the authors concluded.

SOURCE:

Genevieve Benedetti, MD, MPP, of the Department of Dermatology at Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, led the research, published as a research letter in the International Journal of Women’s Dermatology.

LIMITATIONS:

The small sample size, single-center design, and overall prevalence of mild disease limit the ability to detect change.

DISCLOSURES:

The researchers reported having no disclosures.

A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.

TOPLINE:

Among women diagnosed with rosacea, the impact of pregnancy on the disease is unpredictable.

METHODOLOGY:

• Few data beyond case reports exist about the course of rosacea during pregnancy.
• Researchers conducted a telephone survey of 39 women with a diagnosis of rosacea in the electronic medical records prior to the onset of pregnancy who had been admitted to Oregon Health & Science University for labor and delivery from June 27, 2015, to June 27, 2020.
• Patient global assessment of clear (0), mild (1), moderate (2), or severe (3) rosacea was rated across five timepoints: 1-3 months preconception; first, second, and third trimesters; and 6 weeks postpartum.

TAKEAWAY:

• The mean age of the survey participants was 35.5 years, the mean gestational age at delivery was 39.4 weeks, and most had singleton pregnancies.
• All but one study participant (97.4%) reported symptoms of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, while 26 (67%) reported symptoms of papulopustular rosacea.
• Nearly half of the participants (19, 48.7%) said their rosacea worsened during pregnancy, 13 (33.3%) reported no change in rosacea severity during pregnancy, and 7 (17.9%) reported that their rosacea improved during pregnancy.
• Before conceiving, the mean rosacea severity score among participants was mild (1.10; 95% CI, 0.92-1.29) and did not change significantly over time, a reflection of individual variations. In addition, 83.3% of participants did not use prescription rosacea treatments prior to pregnancy, and 89.6% did not use them during pregnancy.

IN PRACTICE:

“Rosacea, like acne, lacks a predictable group effect, and instead, each individual may have a different response to the physiologic changes of pregnancy,” the authors concluded.

SOURCE:

Genevieve Benedetti, MD, MPP, of the Department of Dermatology at Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, led the research, published as a research letter in the International Journal of Women’s Dermatology.

LIMITATIONS:

The small sample size, single-center design, and overall prevalence of mild disease limit the ability to detect change.

DISCLOSURES:

The researchers reported having no disclosures.

A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.

TOPLINE:

Among women diagnosed with rosacea, the impact of pregnancy on the disease is unpredictable.

METHODOLOGY:

• Few data beyond case reports exist about the course of rosacea during pregnancy.
• Researchers conducted a telephone survey of 39 women with a diagnosis of rosacea in the electronic medical records prior to the onset of pregnancy who had been admitted to Oregon Health & Science University for labor and delivery from June 27, 2015, to June 27, 2020.
• Patient global assessment of clear (0), mild (1), moderate (2), or severe (3) rosacea was rated across five timepoints: 1-3 months preconception; first, second, and third trimesters; and 6 weeks postpartum.

TAKEAWAY:

• The mean age of the survey participants was 35.5 years, the mean gestational age at delivery was 39.4 weeks, and most had singleton pregnancies.
• All but one study participant (97.4%) reported symptoms of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, while 26 (67%) reported symptoms of papulopustular rosacea.
• Nearly half of the participants (19, 48.7%) said their rosacea worsened during pregnancy, 13 (33.3%) reported no change in rosacea severity during pregnancy, and 7 (17.9%) reported that their rosacea improved during pregnancy.
• Before conceiving, the mean rosacea severity score among participants was mild (1.10; 95% CI, 0.92-1.29) and did not change significantly over time, a reflection of individual variations. In addition, 83.3% of participants did not use prescription rosacea treatments prior to pregnancy, and 89.6% did not use them during pregnancy.

IN PRACTICE:

“Rosacea, like acne, lacks a predictable group effect, and instead, each individual may have a different response to the physiologic changes of pregnancy,” the authors concluded.

SOURCE:

Genevieve Benedetti, MD, MPP, of the Department of Dermatology at Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, led the research, published as a research letter in the International Journal of Women’s Dermatology.

LIMITATIONS:

The small sample size, single-center design, and overall prevalence of mild disease limit the ability to detect change.

DISCLOSURES:

The researchers reported having no disclosures.

A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.