Key clinical point: Fecal-based screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) was associated with a significant reduction in CRC mortality.

Major finding: Overall, 624 participants were diagnosed with CRC, of which 42.5% were detected by fecal occult blood test (FOBT) screening (screen-detected), 16.5% presented after a negative FOBT and before the next invitation (interval cancers), and 41.0% were among individuals who declined screening (nonuptake cancers). Mortality rate was 74% higher in interval CRC vsvs screen-detected CRC (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.74%; P = .02).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective cohort of invitees aged 50–69 years who participated in a CRC screening program with a target population of 85,000 people from 2000-2015 with mortality follow-up until 2020.

Disclosures: This study received no specific funding. The authors declared no competing interest.

Source: Ibáñez-Sanz G et al. PLoS One. 2021 Jun 30. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253369.

Key clinical point: Fecal-based screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) was associated with a significant reduction in CRC mortality.

Major finding: Overall, 624 participants were diagnosed with CRC, of which 42.5% were detected by fecal occult blood test (FOBT) screening (screen-detected), 16.5% presented after a negative FOBT and before the next invitation (interval cancers), and 41.0% were among individuals who declined screening (nonuptake cancers). Mortality rate was 74% higher in interval CRC vsvs screen-detected CRC (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.74%; P = .02).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective cohort of invitees aged 50–69 years who participated in a CRC screening program with a target population of 85,000 people from 2000-2015 with mortality follow-up until 2020.

Disclosures: This study received no specific funding. The authors declared no competing interest.

Source: Ibáñez-Sanz G et al. PLoS One. 2021 Jun 30. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253369.

Key clinical point: Fecal-based screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) was associated with a significant reduction in CRC mortality.

Major finding: Overall, 624 participants were diagnosed with CRC, of which 42.5% were detected by fecal occult blood test (FOBT) screening (screen-detected), 16.5% presented after a negative FOBT and before the next invitation (interval cancers), and 41.0% were among individuals who declined screening (nonuptake cancers). Mortality rate was 74% higher in interval CRC vsvs screen-detected CRC (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.74%; P = .02).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective cohort of invitees aged 50–69 years who participated in a CRC screening program with a target population of 85,000 people from 2000-2015 with mortality follow-up until 2020.

Disclosures: This study received no specific funding. The authors declared no competing interest.

Source: Ibáñez-Sanz G et al. PLoS One. 2021 Jun 30. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253369.

Key clinical point: The risk for incident colorectal cancer (CRC) events increases with the presence of normal-high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Major finding: Compared with normal FPG, the presence of normal-high FPG (hazard ratio [HR], 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.18), IFG (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.13-1.37), and DM (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.19-1.55) was associated with a higher incidence rate of CRC.

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective observational study of 1,441,311 individuals who underwent annual health checkups. Included patients did not have colorectal polyps, Crohn's disease, and/or ulcerative colitis and were not taking antidiabetic medications.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan. H Kaneko and K Fujiu declared receiving research funding and scholarship funds from various sources.

Source: Itoh H et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jun 25. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab466.

Key clinical point: The risk for incident colorectal cancer (CRC) events increases with the presence of normal-high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Major finding: Compared with normal FPG, the presence of normal-high FPG (hazard ratio [HR], 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.18), IFG (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.13-1.37), and DM (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.19-1.55) was associated with a higher incidence rate of CRC.

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective observational study of 1,441,311 individuals who underwent annual health checkups. Included patients did not have colorectal polyps, Crohn's disease, and/or ulcerative colitis and were not taking antidiabetic medications.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan. H Kaneko and K Fujiu declared receiving research funding and scholarship funds from various sources.

Source: Itoh H et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jun 25. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab466.

Key clinical point: The risk for incident colorectal cancer (CRC) events increases with the presence of normal-high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Major finding: Compared with normal FPG, the presence of normal-high FPG (hazard ratio [HR], 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.18), IFG (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.13-1.37), and DM (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.19-1.55) was associated with a higher incidence rate of CRC.

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective observational study of 1,441,311 individuals who underwent annual health checkups. Included patients did not have colorectal polyps, Crohn's disease, and/or ulcerative colitis and were not taking antidiabetic medications.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan. H Kaneko and K Fujiu declared receiving research funding and scholarship funds from various sources.

Source: Itoh H et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jun 25. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab466.

Key clinical point: Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) at an early age showed modest survival advantage over those diagnosed at a later age, particularly in patients with early-stage cancer. Findings emphasize on the importance of early CRC detection in the younger population.

Major finding: After adjustments, most notably for stage, patients with CRC diagnosed at an age younger than 50 years vsvs 51-55 years had a lower risk for death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; P less than .001). The advantage of reduced mortality was greatest in patients diagnosed between 35 and 39 years of age (adjusted HR, 0.88; P less than .001) and limited to individuals diagnosed at stages I and II (both P less than .001).

Study details: Findings are from a cohort study of 769,871 patients from the National Cancer Database, who were diagnosed with primary CRC.

Disclosures: The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health and American Association for Cancer Research grant to Stand Up To Cancer, a division of the Entertainment Industry Foundation. Some of the authors reported receiving grants and personal fees, speaking fees, and serving as a consultant for various sources.

Source: Cheng E et al. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Jun 16. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.12539.

Key clinical point: Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) at an early age showed modest survival advantage over those diagnosed at a later age, particularly in patients with early-stage cancer. Findings emphasize on the importance of early CRC detection in the younger population.

Major finding: After adjustments, most notably for stage, patients with CRC diagnosed at an age younger than 50 years vsvs 51-55 years had a lower risk for death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; P less than .001). The advantage of reduced mortality was greatest in patients diagnosed between 35 and 39 years of age (adjusted HR, 0.88; P less than .001) and limited to individuals diagnosed at stages I and II (both P less than .001).

Study details: Findings are from a cohort study of 769,871 patients from the National Cancer Database, who were diagnosed with primary CRC.

Disclosures: The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health and American Association for Cancer Research grant to Stand Up To Cancer, a division of the Entertainment Industry Foundation. Some of the authors reported receiving grants and personal fees, speaking fees, and serving as a consultant for various sources.

Source: Cheng E et al. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Jun 16. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.12539.

Key clinical point: Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) at an early age showed modest survival advantage over those diagnosed at a later age, particularly in patients with early-stage cancer. Findings emphasize on the importance of early CRC detection in the younger population.

Major finding: After adjustments, most notably for stage, patients with CRC diagnosed at an age younger than 50 years vsvs 51-55 years had a lower risk for death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; P less than .001). The advantage of reduced mortality was greatest in patients diagnosed between 35 and 39 years of age (adjusted HR, 0.88; P less than .001) and limited to individuals diagnosed at stages I and II (both P less than .001).

Study details: Findings are from a cohort study of 769,871 patients from the National Cancer Database, who were diagnosed with primary CRC.

Disclosures: The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health and American Association for Cancer Research grant to Stand Up To Cancer, a division of the Entertainment Industry Foundation. Some of the authors reported receiving grants and personal fees, speaking fees, and serving as a consultant for various sources.

Source: Cheng E et al. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Jun 16. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.12539.

Key clinical point: Primary tumor location (PTL) is not a significant prognostic factor in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) under later-line regorafenib (REG) or trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI).

Major finding: Although overall survival (OS) was significantly shorter in patients with right-sided vsvs left-sided tumors (log-rank P = .041), PTL was not an independent prognostic factor (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.95; P = .64). OS was comparable between REG and FTD/TPI in both right-sided (log-rank P = 0.71) and left-sided (log-rank P = 0.56) tumor groups regardless of PTL (P for interactions = 0.60).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective study of 550 patients with mCRC from the REGOTAS study treated with later-line REG (n=223) or FTD/TPI (n=327) chemotherapy. Right-sided tumors were reported in 60 and 62 patients in REG and FTD/TPI groups, respectively.

Disclosures: The authors did not declare any source of funding. Some of the authors reported receiving research funding and/or honoraria from various sources.

Source: Nakajima H et al. Front Oncol. 2021 Jun 15. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.688709.

Key clinical point: Primary tumor location (PTL) is not a significant prognostic factor in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) under later-line regorafenib (REG) or trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI).

Major finding: Although overall survival (OS) was significantly shorter in patients with right-sided vsvs left-sided tumors (log-rank P = .041), PTL was not an independent prognostic factor (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.95; P = .64). OS was comparable between REG and FTD/TPI in both right-sided (log-rank P = 0.71) and left-sided (log-rank P = 0.56) tumor groups regardless of PTL (P for interactions = 0.60).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective study of 550 patients with mCRC from the REGOTAS study treated with later-line REG (n=223) or FTD/TPI (n=327) chemotherapy. Right-sided tumors were reported in 60 and 62 patients in REG and FTD/TPI groups, respectively.

Disclosures: The authors did not declare any source of funding. Some of the authors reported receiving research funding and/or honoraria from various sources.

Source: Nakajima H et al. Front Oncol. 2021 Jun 15. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.688709.

Key clinical point: Primary tumor location (PTL) is not a significant prognostic factor in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) under later-line regorafenib (REG) or trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI).

Major finding: Although overall survival (OS) was significantly shorter in patients with right-sided vsvs left-sided tumors (log-rank P = .041), PTL was not an independent prognostic factor (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.95; P = .64). OS was comparable between REG and FTD/TPI in both right-sided (log-rank P = 0.71) and left-sided (log-rank P = 0.56) tumor groups regardless of PTL (P for interactions = 0.60).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective study of 550 patients with mCRC from the REGOTAS study treated with later-line REG (n=223) or FTD/TPI (n=327) chemotherapy. Right-sided tumors were reported in 60 and 62 patients in REG and FTD/TPI groups, respectively.

Disclosures: The authors did not declare any source of funding. Some of the authors reported receiving research funding and/or honoraria from various sources.

Source: Nakajima H et al. Front Oncol. 2021 Jun 15. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.688709.

Key clinical point: Higher vitamin D intake was associated with a lower risk for early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) in younger women. The risk reduction was mainly driven by dietary vitamin D.

Major finding: The risk for CRC was significantly lower in women younger than 50 years of age with 450 or higher IU/day (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49) or 300 to less than 450 IU/day (HR, 0.51) vsvs less than 300 IU/day (P for trend = .01) of total vitamin D intake. The risk reduction was significant and stronger for dietary vsvs supplemental vitamin D (HR per 400 IU/day increase, 0.34; 95% confidence interval, 0.15-0.79).

Study details: Findings are from a prospective cohort study of 94,205 female nurses aged 25-42 years from the Nurses’ Health Study II.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, Department of Defense, American Cancer Society Mentored Research Scholar, and Project P Fund. AT Chan, C Fuchs, and K Ng reported receiving consulting fees, research funding, and/or serving as a consultant and/or a scientific advisor for various sources.

Source: Kim H et al. Gastroenterology. 2021 Jul 6. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.07.002.

Key clinical point: Higher vitamin D intake was associated with a lower risk for early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) in younger women. The risk reduction was mainly driven by dietary vitamin D.

Major finding: The risk for CRC was significantly lower in women younger than 50 years of age with 450 or higher IU/day (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49) or 300 to less than 450 IU/day (HR, 0.51) vsvs less than 300 IU/day (P for trend = .01) of total vitamin D intake. The risk reduction was significant and stronger for dietary vsvs supplemental vitamin D (HR per 400 IU/day increase, 0.34; 95% confidence interval, 0.15-0.79).

Study details: Findings are from a prospective cohort study of 94,205 female nurses aged 25-42 years from the Nurses’ Health Study II.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, Department of Defense, American Cancer Society Mentored Research Scholar, and Project P Fund. AT Chan, C Fuchs, and K Ng reported receiving consulting fees, research funding, and/or serving as a consultant and/or a scientific advisor for various sources.

Source: Kim H et al. Gastroenterology. 2021 Jul 6. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.07.002.

Key clinical point: Higher vitamin D intake was associated with a lower risk for early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) in younger women. The risk reduction was mainly driven by dietary vitamin D.

Major finding: The risk for CRC was significantly lower in women younger than 50 years of age with 450 or higher IU/day (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49) or 300 to less than 450 IU/day (HR, 0.51) vsvs less than 300 IU/day (P for trend = .01) of total vitamin D intake. The risk reduction was significant and stronger for dietary vsvs supplemental vitamin D (HR per 400 IU/day increase, 0.34; 95% confidence interval, 0.15-0.79).

Study details: Findings are from a prospective cohort study of 94,205 female nurses aged 25-42 years from the Nurses’ Health Study II.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, Department of Defense, American Cancer Society Mentored Research Scholar, and Project P Fund. AT Chan, C Fuchs, and K Ng reported receiving consulting fees, research funding, and/or serving as a consultant and/or a scientific advisor for various sources.

Source: Kim H et al. Gastroenterology. 2021 Jul 6. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.07.002.

Key clinical point: The presence of some bowel symptoms increased the likelihood of being detected with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, 6 out of 10 participants diagnosed with CRC were asymptomatic. Rectal bleeding and change in bowel habits were associated with the detection of CRC.

Major finding: Almost 20.3% of participants screened with sigmoidoscopy had at least 1 symptom. However, almost 60% of individuals diagnosed with CRC were asymptomatic. Rectal bleeding (odds ratio [OR], 4.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1-6.1) and change in bowel habits (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 2.4-6.1) were associated with the detection of CRC.

Study details: This was a cross-sectional study of 42,554 participants in the age group of 50-74 years who were invited to a randomized CRC screening trial for screening by either once-only sigmoidoscopy (n=36,059) or fecal immunochemical test (n=6,495).

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from Norwegian Parliament. KR Randel declared receiving a research grant from the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority. The other authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Schult AL et al. BMJ Open. 2021 Jul 1. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048183.

Key clinical point: The presence of some bowel symptoms increased the likelihood of being detected with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, 6 out of 10 participants diagnosed with CRC were asymptomatic. Rectal bleeding and change in bowel habits were associated with the detection of CRC.

Major finding: Almost 20.3% of participants screened with sigmoidoscopy had at least 1 symptom. However, almost 60% of individuals diagnosed with CRC were asymptomatic. Rectal bleeding (odds ratio [OR], 4.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1-6.1) and change in bowel habits (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 2.4-6.1) were associated with the detection of CRC.

Study details: This was a cross-sectional study of 42,554 participants in the age group of 50-74 years who were invited to a randomized CRC screening trial for screening by either once-only sigmoidoscopy (n=36,059) or fecal immunochemical test (n=6,495).

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from Norwegian Parliament. KR Randel declared receiving a research grant from the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority. The other authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Schult AL et al. BMJ Open. 2021 Jul 1. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048183.

Key clinical point: The presence of some bowel symptoms increased the likelihood of being detected with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, 6 out of 10 participants diagnosed with CRC were asymptomatic. Rectal bleeding and change in bowel habits were associated with the detection of CRC.

Major finding: Almost 20.3% of participants screened with sigmoidoscopy had at least 1 symptom. However, almost 60% of individuals diagnosed with CRC were asymptomatic. Rectal bleeding (odds ratio [OR], 4.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1-6.1) and change in bowel habits (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 2.4-6.1) were associated with the detection of CRC.

Study details: This was a cross-sectional study of 42,554 participants in the age group of 50-74 years who were invited to a randomized CRC screening trial for screening by either once-only sigmoidoscopy (n=36,059) or fecal immunochemical test (n=6,495).

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from Norwegian Parliament. KR Randel declared receiving a research grant from the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority. The other authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Schult AL et al. BMJ Open. 2021 Jul 1. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048183.

Key clinical point: Efficacy of antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for treating metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) differs with primary tumor location, with efficacy being higher with metastatic left-sided colon cancer than with middle/low rectal cancer.

Major finding: Among patients undergoing the first-line anti-EGFR therapy, those with left-sided vsvs middle/low rectal tumor had significantly higher progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.67; P = .007), overall survival (HR, 0.62; P = .008), and overall response rate (P = .002). Findings were similar with nonfirst-line anti-EGFR treatment.

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective cohort study of 609 patients with metastatic CRC who were treated with anti-EGFR therapy. Based on primary tumor location, patients were classified into right-sided colon (n=125), left-sided colon (n=313), and the middle/low rectal (n=171) groups.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; and the Taiwan Clinical Oncology Research Foundation. The authors declared no competing interests.

Source: Lee KH et al. Br J Cancer. 2021 Jun 29. doi: 10.1038/s41416-021-01470-2.

Key clinical point: Efficacy of antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for treating metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) differs with primary tumor location, with efficacy being higher with metastatic left-sided colon cancer than with middle/low rectal cancer.

Major finding: Among patients undergoing the first-line anti-EGFR therapy, those with left-sided vsvs middle/low rectal tumor had significantly higher progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.67; P = .007), overall survival (HR, 0.62; P = .008), and overall response rate (P = .002). Findings were similar with nonfirst-line anti-EGFR treatment.

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective cohort study of 609 patients with metastatic CRC who were treated with anti-EGFR therapy. Based on primary tumor location, patients were classified into right-sided colon (n=125), left-sided colon (n=313), and the middle/low rectal (n=171) groups.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; and the Taiwan Clinical Oncology Research Foundation. The authors declared no competing interests.

Source: Lee KH et al. Br J Cancer. 2021 Jun 29. doi: 10.1038/s41416-021-01470-2.

Key clinical point: Efficacy of antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for treating metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) differs with primary tumor location, with efficacy being higher with metastatic left-sided colon cancer than with middle/low rectal cancer.

Major finding: Among patients undergoing the first-line anti-EGFR therapy, those with left-sided vsvs middle/low rectal tumor had significantly higher progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.67; P = .007), overall survival (HR, 0.62; P = .008), and overall response rate (P = .002). Findings were similar with nonfirst-line anti-EGFR treatment.

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective cohort study of 609 patients with metastatic CRC who were treated with anti-EGFR therapy. Based on primary tumor location, patients were classified into right-sided colon (n=125), left-sided colon (n=313), and the middle/low rectal (n=171) groups.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; and the Taiwan Clinical Oncology Research Foundation. The authors declared no competing interests.

Source: Lee KH et al. Br J Cancer. 2021 Jun 29. doi: 10.1038/s41416-021-01470-2.

Key clinical point: In patients with colorectal peritoneal metastasis (CRPM), survival is closely related to pathological response (PR) ratio to preoperative chemotherapy in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), with best outcomes observed in patients with complete PR (CPR).

Major finding: The rate of complications was significantly higher in the low PR (LPR; 65.2%) vsvs CPR (55%) and high PR (HPR; 42.8%; P = .03) groups. Disease-free survival was significantly higher in CPR and HPR vsvs LPR groups (P less than .001). Overall survival was significantly higher in CPR vsvs HPR and LPR groups (P = .004).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective analysis of 178 patients with CRPM who underwent a CRS/HIPEC procedure and had a final completeness of cytoreduction score of 0. Based on the ratio of tumor-positive specimens to the total number of specimens resected, patients were categorized into CPR, HPR, and LPR groups.

Disclosures: The authors did not declare any source of funding. All the authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Mor E et al. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021 Jul 7. doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-10367-6.

Key clinical point: In patients with colorectal peritoneal metastasis (CRPM), survival is closely related to pathological response (PR) ratio to preoperative chemotherapy in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), with best outcomes observed in patients with complete PR (CPR).

Major finding: The rate of complications was significantly higher in the low PR (LPR; 65.2%) vsvs CPR (55%) and high PR (HPR; 42.8%; P = .03) groups. Disease-free survival was significantly higher in CPR and HPR vsvs LPR groups (P less than .001). Overall survival was significantly higher in CPR vsvs HPR and LPR groups (P = .004).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective analysis of 178 patients with CRPM who underwent a CRS/HIPEC procedure and had a final completeness of cytoreduction score of 0. Based on the ratio of tumor-positive specimens to the total number of specimens resected, patients were categorized into CPR, HPR, and LPR groups.

Disclosures: The authors did not declare any source of funding. All the authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Mor E et al. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021 Jul 7. doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-10367-6.

Key clinical point: In patients with colorectal peritoneal metastasis (CRPM), survival is closely related to pathological response (PR) ratio to preoperative chemotherapy in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), with best outcomes observed in patients with complete PR (CPR).

Major finding: The rate of complications was significantly higher in the low PR (LPR; 65.2%) vsvs CPR (55%) and high PR (HPR; 42.8%; P = .03) groups. Disease-free survival was significantly higher in CPR and HPR vsvs LPR groups (P less than .001). Overall survival was significantly higher in CPR vsvs HPR and LPR groups (P = .004).

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective analysis of 178 patients with CRPM who underwent a CRS/HIPEC procedure and had a final completeness of cytoreduction score of 0. Based on the ratio of tumor-positive specimens to the total number of specimens resected, patients were categorized into CPR, HPR, and LPR groups.

Disclosures: The authors did not declare any source of funding. All the authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Mor E et al. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021 Jul 7. doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-10367-6.

Key clinical point: Initial phase 2 results do not support combining pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy after 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), despite being safe.

Major finding: The mean neoadjuvant rectal (NAR) score was not significantly different among patients treated with vsvs without pembrolizumab (difference, 2.55; P = .26). Grade 3/4 adverse events were slightly higher in patients receiving pembrolizumab vsvs those not (48.2% vsvs 37.3%).

Study details: Findings are from an open-label, phase 2 trial including 185 patients with stage II/III LARC at high risk for metastatic disease who were eligible for sphincter-sparing surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to receive FOLFOX (6 cycles) followed by chemoradiotherapy with (n=90) or without (n=95) intravenous pembrolizumab for up to 6 doses before surgery.

Disclosures: The study was supported by the National Cancer Institute and Merck. Some of the authors including the lead author reported receiving personal fees, grants, honoraria, and/or serving as a consultant and/or on advisory boards for various sources.

Source: Rahma OE et al. JAMA Oncol. 2021 Jul 1. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.1683.

Key clinical point: Initial phase 2 results do not support combining pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy after 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), despite being safe.

Major finding: The mean neoadjuvant rectal (NAR) score was not significantly different among patients treated with vsvs without pembrolizumab (difference, 2.55; P = .26). Grade 3/4 adverse events were slightly higher in patients receiving pembrolizumab vsvs those not (48.2% vsvs 37.3%).

Study details: Findings are from an open-label, phase 2 trial including 185 patients with stage II/III LARC at high risk for metastatic disease who were eligible for sphincter-sparing surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to receive FOLFOX (6 cycles) followed by chemoradiotherapy with (n=90) or without (n=95) intravenous pembrolizumab for up to 6 doses before surgery.

Disclosures: The study was supported by the National Cancer Institute and Merck. Some of the authors including the lead author reported receiving personal fees, grants, honoraria, and/or serving as a consultant and/or on advisory boards for various sources.

Source: Rahma OE et al. JAMA Oncol. 2021 Jul 1. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.1683.

Key clinical point: Initial phase 2 results do not support combining pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy after 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), despite being safe.

Major finding: The mean neoadjuvant rectal (NAR) score was not significantly different among patients treated with vsvs without pembrolizumab (difference, 2.55; P = .26). Grade 3/4 adverse events were slightly higher in patients receiving pembrolizumab vsvs those not (48.2% vsvs 37.3%).

Study details: Findings are from an open-label, phase 2 trial including 185 patients with stage II/III LARC at high risk for metastatic disease who were eligible for sphincter-sparing surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to receive FOLFOX (6 cycles) followed by chemoradiotherapy with (n=90) or without (n=95) intravenous pembrolizumab for up to 6 doses before surgery.

Disclosures: The study was supported by the National Cancer Institute and Merck. Some of the authors including the lead author reported receiving personal fees, grants, honoraria, and/or serving as a consultant and/or on advisory boards for various sources.

Source: Rahma OE et al. JAMA Oncol. 2021 Jul 1. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.1683.

Key clinical point: Higher preoperative habitual dietary fiber intake was associated with a lower risk for postoperative complications among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who underwent surgery.

Major finding: Higher dietary fiber intake (per 10 grams/day) before surgery was significantly associated with a lower risk for any postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR], 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-0.92) and surgical postoperative complications (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.60-0.97).

Study details: Findings are from a cohort study of 1,399 adult patients with stages I to IV CRC who underwent elective abdominal surgery.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the Dutch Research Council. M van Zutphen and Dr. de Wilt reported receiving grants from various sources outside the submitted work.

Source: Kok DE et al. JAMA Surg. 2021 Jun 16. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.2311.

Key clinical point: Higher preoperative habitual dietary fiber intake was associated with a lower risk for postoperative complications among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who underwent surgery.

Major finding: Higher dietary fiber intake (per 10 grams/day) before surgery was significantly associated with a lower risk for any postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR], 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-0.92) and surgical postoperative complications (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.60-0.97).

Study details: Findings are from a cohort study of 1,399 adult patients with stages I to IV CRC who underwent elective abdominal surgery.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the Dutch Research Council. M van Zutphen and Dr. de Wilt reported receiving grants from various sources outside the submitted work.

Source: Kok DE et al. JAMA Surg. 2021 Jun 16. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.2311.

Key clinical point: Higher preoperative habitual dietary fiber intake was associated with a lower risk for postoperative complications among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who underwent surgery.

Major finding: Higher dietary fiber intake (per 10 grams/day) before surgery was significantly associated with a lower risk for any postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR], 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-0.92) and surgical postoperative complications (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.60-0.97).

Study details: Findings are from a cohort study of 1,399 adult patients with stages I to IV CRC who underwent elective abdominal surgery.

Disclosures: The study was supported by grants from the Dutch Research Council. M van Zutphen and Dr. de Wilt reported receiving grants from various sources outside the submitted work.

Source: Kok DE et al. JAMA Surg. 2021 Jun 16. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.2311.