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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
The first connection between cancer and a patient’s genome was documented by Peter Nowell and David Hungerford when they identified a unique chromosome in the metaphase spread of 7 patients diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In 1973, renowned cytopathologist Janet Rowley determined that this chromosome is part of a chromosomal translocation between chromosome 9 and chromosome 22. Further delineation of this translocation showed that the gene ABL1, normally located on chromosome 9, is translocated to the Philadelphia (Ph+) chromosome in patients with CML. ABL1 was found to be located downstream of a specific genetic region in each patient, and this region became known as the BCR, or “breakpoint cluster region.” The BCR-ABL1 translocation found in patients with CML creates a constitutively active tyrosine kinase necessary for cellular transformation.
To read the full article in PDF:
The first connection between cancer and a patient’s genome was documented by Peter Nowell and David Hungerford when they identified a unique chromosome in the metaphase spread of 7 patients diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In 1973, renowned cytopathologist Janet Rowley determined that this chromosome is part of a chromosomal translocation between chromosome 9 and chromosome 22. Further delineation of this translocation showed that the gene ABL1, normally located on chromosome 9, is translocated to the Philadelphia (Ph+) chromosome in patients with CML. ABL1 was found to be located downstream of a specific genetic region in each patient, and this region became known as the BCR, or “breakpoint cluster region.” The BCR-ABL1 translocation found in patients with CML creates a constitutively active tyrosine kinase necessary for cellular transformation.
To read the full article in PDF:
The first connection between cancer and a patient’s genome was documented by Peter Nowell and David Hungerford when they identified a unique chromosome in the metaphase spread of 7 patients diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In 1973, renowned cytopathologist Janet Rowley determined that this chromosome is part of a chromosomal translocation between chromosome 9 and chromosome 22. Further delineation of this translocation showed that the gene ABL1, normally located on chromosome 9, is translocated to the Philadelphia (Ph+) chromosome in patients with CML. ABL1 was found to be located downstream of a specific genetic region in each patient, and this region became known as the BCR, or “breakpoint cluster region.” The BCR-ABL1 translocation found in patients with CML creates a constitutively active tyrosine kinase necessary for cellular transformation.
To read the full article in PDF:
Cancer-Related Anemia
Anemia occurs in more than half of patients with cancer and is associated with worse performance status, quality of life, and survival. Anemia is often attributed to the effects of chemotherapy; however, a 2004 European Cancer Anemia Survey reported that 39% of patients with cancer were anemic prior to starting chemotherapy and the incidence of anemia may be as high as 90% in patients on chemotherapy. The pathogenesis of cancer-related anemia is multifactorial; it can be a direct result of cancer invading the bone marrow, or result from the effects of radiation, chemotherapy-induced anemia, chronic renal disease, and cancer-related inflammation leading to functional iron deficiency anemia.
To read the full article in PDF:
Anemia occurs in more than half of patients with cancer and is associated with worse performance status, quality of life, and survival. Anemia is often attributed to the effects of chemotherapy; however, a 2004 European Cancer Anemia Survey reported that 39% of patients with cancer were anemic prior to starting chemotherapy and the incidence of anemia may be as high as 90% in patients on chemotherapy. The pathogenesis of cancer-related anemia is multifactorial; it can be a direct result of cancer invading the bone marrow, or result from the effects of radiation, chemotherapy-induced anemia, chronic renal disease, and cancer-related inflammation leading to functional iron deficiency anemia.
To read the full article in PDF:
Anemia occurs in more than half of patients with cancer and is associated with worse performance status, quality of life, and survival. Anemia is often attributed to the effects of chemotherapy; however, a 2004 European Cancer Anemia Survey reported that 39% of patients with cancer were anemic prior to starting chemotherapy and the incidence of anemia may be as high as 90% in patients on chemotherapy. The pathogenesis of cancer-related anemia is multifactorial; it can be a direct result of cancer invading the bone marrow, or result from the effects of radiation, chemotherapy-induced anemia, chronic renal disease, and cancer-related inflammation leading to functional iron deficiency anemia.
To read the full article in PDF: