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About 60% of children taking antipsychotic medication do not receive recommended metabolic monitoring, according to an analysis of Medicaid data from two states.

The number and types of providers involved in a child’s care are associated with the likelihood that the child will receive metabolic monitoring, according to the study, which was published in Pediatrics.

The results suggest that primary care providers and mental health providers should collaborate to monitor children taking antipsychotics, the researchers said.

“Shared care arrangements between primary care physicians and mental health specialists significantly increased the chances that metabolic monitoring would be done, compared with care delivered by one provider,” reported Elizabeth A. Shenkman, PhD, chair of the department of health outcomes and biomedical informatics at the University of Florida, Gainesville, and colleagues. “The results of our study point to the importance of state Medicaid agencies and Medicaid managed care plans in identifying all providers caring for the children taking antipsychotic medication and using this information to engage the providers in quality improvement efforts to improve metabolic monitoring rates.”


 

Comparing specialties

Children who take antipsychotic medication are at risk for obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, and hyperlipidemia, but less than 40% receive recommended metabolic monitoring with glucose and cholesterol tests.

To examine how health care provider specialty influences the receipt of metabolic monitoring, Dr. Shenkman and colleagues analyzed Medicaid enrollment and health care and pharmacy claims data from Florida and Texas.

They focused on 41,078 children who had an antipsychotic medication dispensed at least twice in 2017 and were eligible for inclusion in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services metabolic monitoring measure. The Metabolic Monitoring for Children and Adolescents on Antipsychotics measure is a “priority nationally and is currently on the CMS Child Core Set, which is used to annually assess state-specific performance on pediatric quality measures,” the authors wrote.

About 65% were boys, and the children had an average age of 12 years. The researchers compared metabolic monitoring rates when children received outpatient care from a primary care provider, a mental health provider with prescribing privileges, or both.

Less than 40% of the children received metabolic monitoring, that is, at least one diabetes test and at least one cholesterol test, during the year.

Most of the children (61%) saw both primary care providers and mental health providers. Approximately one-third had a primary care provider prescribe antipsychotic medication the majority of the time, and 60% had a mental health provider prescribe antipsychotic medication the majority of the time.

Patients who saw both types of providers were significantly more likely to receive metabolic monitoring, relative to those who saw primary care providers only (adjusted odds ratio, 1.42). Those seeing a mental health provider alone had adjusted odds of metabolic monitoring that were 23% lower than those seeing a primary care provider alone.

Children who had a mental health provider prescribe the medication the majority of the time were 25% more likely to receive metabolic monitoring, compared with those who had a primary care provider prescribing the medication the majority of the time.
 

 

 

Slipping through the cracks

Child psychiatrist Fred Volkmar, MD, commented that the results are “sadly” unsurprising and reflect issues that pertain to other psychotropic drugs as well as antipsychotics and to adults as well as children.

Dr. Fred Volkmar

The researchers “are quite right to point to it,” and “we really do need to develop better plans for improving” monitoring, said Dr. Volkmar, the Irving B. Harris Professor in the Child Study Center and professor of psychology at Yale University, New Haven, Conn.

“Increasingly we are asking primary care providers ... to take care of folks who have important either developmental or mental health problems,” Dr. Volkmar said. While they can do a good job, they increasingly are underpaid. Monitoring patients takes work, and they may be less familiar with the medications. “Either they prescribe these medications or they are asked to monitor them in place of the specialist provider who may have started them or suggested them,” he said. Metabolic monitoring may not be prioritized and can easily “slip through the cracks.” At the same time, doctors need to be aware of the risk of serious side effects of antipsychotic medications, such as malignant hyperthermia.

These medications can be overused and inappropriately used, which is a further complication. And when patients are taking multiple medications, there may be a need for additional monitoring and awareness of drug interactions.

“These medications are very complicated to use,” and there needs to be a way to connect primary care providers with child psychiatrists who are best trained in their use, said Dr. Volkmar.

A system with reminders can facilitate effective metabolic monitoring, he suggested. Dr. Volkmar has established a routine while providing care for a group home of adults with autism. Every 3 months, he reviews lab results. “You just have to force yourself to do it.”

Shared care arrangements may be another way to promote metabolic monitoring, Dr. Shenkman and colleagues said.

“Attributing care back to the multiple providers is important for care coordination and development of strategies to ensure that the evidence-based care is delivered and there is appropriate follow-up with the family and child to be sure care is received,” the study authors wrote. “Formalized shared care arrangements and adaptation of existing care delivery models to support integrated care, which can vary in degree from external coordination to on-site intervention and collaboration, are effective methods to promote partnership between primary and mental health providers.”

It is possible that clinicians in the study ordered metabolic monitoring but families did not take the children for testing, the investigators noted. In addition, it is not clear how much information providers have about other providers their patients are seeing.

The study authors and Dr. Volkmar had no disclosures.

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About 60% of children taking antipsychotic medication do not receive recommended metabolic monitoring, according to an analysis of Medicaid data from two states.

The number and types of providers involved in a child’s care are associated with the likelihood that the child will receive metabolic monitoring, according to the study, which was published in Pediatrics.

The results suggest that primary care providers and mental health providers should collaborate to monitor children taking antipsychotics, the researchers said.

“Shared care arrangements between primary care physicians and mental health specialists significantly increased the chances that metabolic monitoring would be done, compared with care delivered by one provider,” reported Elizabeth A. Shenkman, PhD, chair of the department of health outcomes and biomedical informatics at the University of Florida, Gainesville, and colleagues. “The results of our study point to the importance of state Medicaid agencies and Medicaid managed care plans in identifying all providers caring for the children taking antipsychotic medication and using this information to engage the providers in quality improvement efforts to improve metabolic monitoring rates.”


 

Comparing specialties

Children who take antipsychotic medication are at risk for obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, and hyperlipidemia, but less than 40% receive recommended metabolic monitoring with glucose and cholesterol tests.

To examine how health care provider specialty influences the receipt of metabolic monitoring, Dr. Shenkman and colleagues analyzed Medicaid enrollment and health care and pharmacy claims data from Florida and Texas.

They focused on 41,078 children who had an antipsychotic medication dispensed at least twice in 2017 and were eligible for inclusion in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services metabolic monitoring measure. The Metabolic Monitoring for Children and Adolescents on Antipsychotics measure is a “priority nationally and is currently on the CMS Child Core Set, which is used to annually assess state-specific performance on pediatric quality measures,” the authors wrote.

About 65% were boys, and the children had an average age of 12 years. The researchers compared metabolic monitoring rates when children received outpatient care from a primary care provider, a mental health provider with prescribing privileges, or both.

Less than 40% of the children received metabolic monitoring, that is, at least one diabetes test and at least one cholesterol test, during the year.

Most of the children (61%) saw both primary care providers and mental health providers. Approximately one-third had a primary care provider prescribe antipsychotic medication the majority of the time, and 60% had a mental health provider prescribe antipsychotic medication the majority of the time.

Patients who saw both types of providers were significantly more likely to receive metabolic monitoring, relative to those who saw primary care providers only (adjusted odds ratio, 1.42). Those seeing a mental health provider alone had adjusted odds of metabolic monitoring that were 23% lower than those seeing a primary care provider alone.

Children who had a mental health provider prescribe the medication the majority of the time were 25% more likely to receive metabolic monitoring, compared with those who had a primary care provider prescribing the medication the majority of the time.
 

 

 

Slipping through the cracks

Child psychiatrist Fred Volkmar, MD, commented that the results are “sadly” unsurprising and reflect issues that pertain to other psychotropic drugs as well as antipsychotics and to adults as well as children.

Dr. Fred Volkmar

The researchers “are quite right to point to it,” and “we really do need to develop better plans for improving” monitoring, said Dr. Volkmar, the Irving B. Harris Professor in the Child Study Center and professor of psychology at Yale University, New Haven, Conn.

“Increasingly we are asking primary care providers ... to take care of folks who have important either developmental or mental health problems,” Dr. Volkmar said. While they can do a good job, they increasingly are underpaid. Monitoring patients takes work, and they may be less familiar with the medications. “Either they prescribe these medications or they are asked to monitor them in place of the specialist provider who may have started them or suggested them,” he said. Metabolic monitoring may not be prioritized and can easily “slip through the cracks.” At the same time, doctors need to be aware of the risk of serious side effects of antipsychotic medications, such as malignant hyperthermia.

These medications can be overused and inappropriately used, which is a further complication. And when patients are taking multiple medications, there may be a need for additional monitoring and awareness of drug interactions.

“These medications are very complicated to use,” and there needs to be a way to connect primary care providers with child psychiatrists who are best trained in their use, said Dr. Volkmar.

A system with reminders can facilitate effective metabolic monitoring, he suggested. Dr. Volkmar has established a routine while providing care for a group home of adults with autism. Every 3 months, he reviews lab results. “You just have to force yourself to do it.”

Shared care arrangements may be another way to promote metabolic monitoring, Dr. Shenkman and colleagues said.

“Attributing care back to the multiple providers is important for care coordination and development of strategies to ensure that the evidence-based care is delivered and there is appropriate follow-up with the family and child to be sure care is received,” the study authors wrote. “Formalized shared care arrangements and adaptation of existing care delivery models to support integrated care, which can vary in degree from external coordination to on-site intervention and collaboration, are effective methods to promote partnership between primary and mental health providers.”

It is possible that clinicians in the study ordered metabolic monitoring but families did not take the children for testing, the investigators noted. In addition, it is not clear how much information providers have about other providers their patients are seeing.

The study authors and Dr. Volkmar had no disclosures.

About 60% of children taking antipsychotic medication do not receive recommended metabolic monitoring, according to an analysis of Medicaid data from two states.

The number and types of providers involved in a child’s care are associated with the likelihood that the child will receive metabolic monitoring, according to the study, which was published in Pediatrics.

The results suggest that primary care providers and mental health providers should collaborate to monitor children taking antipsychotics, the researchers said.

“Shared care arrangements between primary care physicians and mental health specialists significantly increased the chances that metabolic monitoring would be done, compared with care delivered by one provider,” reported Elizabeth A. Shenkman, PhD, chair of the department of health outcomes and biomedical informatics at the University of Florida, Gainesville, and colleagues. “The results of our study point to the importance of state Medicaid agencies and Medicaid managed care plans in identifying all providers caring for the children taking antipsychotic medication and using this information to engage the providers in quality improvement efforts to improve metabolic monitoring rates.”


 

Comparing specialties

Children who take antipsychotic medication are at risk for obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, and hyperlipidemia, but less than 40% receive recommended metabolic monitoring with glucose and cholesterol tests.

To examine how health care provider specialty influences the receipt of metabolic monitoring, Dr. Shenkman and colleagues analyzed Medicaid enrollment and health care and pharmacy claims data from Florida and Texas.

They focused on 41,078 children who had an antipsychotic medication dispensed at least twice in 2017 and were eligible for inclusion in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services metabolic monitoring measure. The Metabolic Monitoring for Children and Adolescents on Antipsychotics measure is a “priority nationally and is currently on the CMS Child Core Set, which is used to annually assess state-specific performance on pediatric quality measures,” the authors wrote.

About 65% were boys, and the children had an average age of 12 years. The researchers compared metabolic monitoring rates when children received outpatient care from a primary care provider, a mental health provider with prescribing privileges, or both.

Less than 40% of the children received metabolic monitoring, that is, at least one diabetes test and at least one cholesterol test, during the year.

Most of the children (61%) saw both primary care providers and mental health providers. Approximately one-third had a primary care provider prescribe antipsychotic medication the majority of the time, and 60% had a mental health provider prescribe antipsychotic medication the majority of the time.

Patients who saw both types of providers were significantly more likely to receive metabolic monitoring, relative to those who saw primary care providers only (adjusted odds ratio, 1.42). Those seeing a mental health provider alone had adjusted odds of metabolic monitoring that were 23% lower than those seeing a primary care provider alone.

Children who had a mental health provider prescribe the medication the majority of the time were 25% more likely to receive metabolic monitoring, compared with those who had a primary care provider prescribing the medication the majority of the time.
 

 

 

Slipping through the cracks

Child psychiatrist Fred Volkmar, MD, commented that the results are “sadly” unsurprising and reflect issues that pertain to other psychotropic drugs as well as antipsychotics and to adults as well as children.

Dr. Fred Volkmar

The researchers “are quite right to point to it,” and “we really do need to develop better plans for improving” monitoring, said Dr. Volkmar, the Irving B. Harris Professor in the Child Study Center and professor of psychology at Yale University, New Haven, Conn.

“Increasingly we are asking primary care providers ... to take care of folks who have important either developmental or mental health problems,” Dr. Volkmar said. While they can do a good job, they increasingly are underpaid. Monitoring patients takes work, and they may be less familiar with the medications. “Either they prescribe these medications or they are asked to monitor them in place of the specialist provider who may have started them or suggested them,” he said. Metabolic monitoring may not be prioritized and can easily “slip through the cracks.” At the same time, doctors need to be aware of the risk of serious side effects of antipsychotic medications, such as malignant hyperthermia.

These medications can be overused and inappropriately used, which is a further complication. And when patients are taking multiple medications, there may be a need for additional monitoring and awareness of drug interactions.

“These medications are very complicated to use,” and there needs to be a way to connect primary care providers with child psychiatrists who are best trained in their use, said Dr. Volkmar.

A system with reminders can facilitate effective metabolic monitoring, he suggested. Dr. Volkmar has established a routine while providing care for a group home of adults with autism. Every 3 months, he reviews lab results. “You just have to force yourself to do it.”

Shared care arrangements may be another way to promote metabolic monitoring, Dr. Shenkman and colleagues said.

“Attributing care back to the multiple providers is important for care coordination and development of strategies to ensure that the evidence-based care is delivered and there is appropriate follow-up with the family and child to be sure care is received,” the study authors wrote. “Formalized shared care arrangements and adaptation of existing care delivery models to support integrated care, which can vary in degree from external coordination to on-site intervention and collaboration, are effective methods to promote partnership between primary and mental health providers.”

It is possible that clinicians in the study ordered metabolic monitoring but families did not take the children for testing, the investigators noted. In addition, it is not clear how much information providers have about other providers their patients are seeing.

The study authors and Dr. Volkmar had no disclosures.

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